{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:52:13Z","timestamp":1788306733266,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]],"date-time":"2019-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a disease of small bile ducts, which can lead to morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to assess recent trends in mortality and healthcare use of PBC patients in the Medicare program. Data from Medicare beneficiaries between 2005 and 2015 (5% random samples) were used. The diagnosis of PBC was established with International Classification of Diseases\u20109 code 571.6 used for both primary and secondary diagnoses. Mortality was assessed by Medicare\u2010linked death registry. Healthcare use included episodes of care, length of stay, and total charges\/payments. Independent predictors of outcomes were evaluated in multiple generalized linear or logistic regression models. The study cohort included a total of 6,375 inpatient\/outpatient Medicare beneficiaries (mean age 69.8 years, 17% male, 88% white, and 18% with disability). Over the study period, 1\u2010year mortality remained stable (9.1% to 14.3%, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P <\/jats:italic>= 0.11). Independent predictors of 1\u2010year mortality were older age, male gender, black race, the presence of ascites, encephalopathy, hepatocellular carcinoma, and higher Charlson score. Outpatient total yearly charges and payments per beneficiary with PBC increased from $3,065 and $777 (2005) to $5,773 and $967 (2014), respectively. Similarly, inpatient total yearly charges and payments per beneficiary with PBC increased from $59,765 and $19,406 (2007), to $98,941 and $27,948 (2013), respectively (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P <\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.05). The presence of ascites, portal hypertension, and higher Charlson score were independent predictors of higher payments for both inpatient and outpatient resource use, and the presence of hepatic encephalopathy was an additional predictor of higher inpatient resource use (all <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P <\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.02). <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion:<\/jats:italic> The prevalence of PBC among the Medicare beneficiaries has increased. Despite stable mortality rates, resource use for Medicare patients with PBC continues to rise.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,17]],"date-time":"2018-07-17T12:03:28Z","timestamp":1531829008000},"page":"237-244","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Primary Biliary Cholangitis in Medicare Population: The Impact on Mortality and Resource Use"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Sayiner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research,Inova Health System,Falls Church,VA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Liver Diseases,Inova Fairfax Hospital,Falls Church,VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pegah","family":"Golabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research,Inova Health System,Falls Church,VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Stepanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Diseases,Washington,DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Issah","family":"Younossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Diseases,Washington,DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatema","family":"Nader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Diseases,Washington,DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrei","family":"Racila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Liver Diseases,Inova Fairfax Hospital,Falls Church,VA"},{"name":"Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Diseases,Washington,DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zobair M.","family":"Younossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research,Inova Health System,Falls Church,VA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Liver Diseases,Inova Fairfax Hospital,Falls Church,VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"hep30174-bib-0001-20250401","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v8.i33.1419","article-title":"Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"8","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"key":"hep30174-bib-0002-20250401","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1383731","article-title":"The natural history of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"34","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin 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