{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T10:35:52Z","timestamp":1790678152916,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]],"date-time":"2019-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]],"date-time":"2019-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547164800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Lysyl oxidase like\u20102 (LOXL2) plays a central role in fibrogenesis and is elevated in the serum and liver of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). We evaluated the safety and efficacy of simtuzumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against LOXL2, in patients with PSC. Patients with compensated liver disease caused by PSC were randomized 1:1:1 to receive weekly subcutaneous injections of simtuzumab 75 mg, simtuzumab 125 mg, or placebo for 96 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was mean change in hepatic collagen content assessed by morphometry between baseline and week 96. Additional endpoints included change in Ishak fibrosis stage and the frequency of PSC\u2010related clinical events.\u00a0Overall, 234 patients were randomized and started treatment. At week 96, the mean change from baseline in hepatic collagen content was \u20130.5% for patients receiving simtuzumab 75 mg (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.73 versus placebo), +0.5% for patients receiving simtuzumab 125 mg (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.33 versus placebo), and 0.0 for patients receiving placebo. Compared with placebo, neither dose of simtuzumab led to significant reductions in Ishak fibrosis stage, progression to cirrhosis, or frequency of clinical events. Overall, 80 (34%) patients had fibrosis progression and 47 (20%) experienced PSC\u2010related clinical events. In a multivariate model of baseline factors, PSC\u2010related clinical events were more frequent in patients with advanced fibrosis (hazard ratio [HR], 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02\u20104.06;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.045), higher alkaline phosphatase (HR per 10 U\/L, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00\u20101.02;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.015), and higher enhanced liver fibrosis score (HR per unit, 1.26; 95% CI, 0.98\u20101.61;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.073). Overall, rates of adverse events and laboratory abnormalities were similar between groups.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Treatment with the LOXL2 inhibitor simtuzumab for 96 weeks did not provide clinical benefit in patients with PSC.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T01:08:07Z","timestamp":1535591287000},"page":"684-698","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":186,"title":["Simtuzumab for Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: Phase 2 Study Results With Insights on the Natural History of the Disease"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Muir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute,Durham,NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Miami,Miami,FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harry L.A.","family":"Janssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toronto Centre for Liver Disease,Toronto,ON,Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aldo J.","family":"Montano\u2010Loza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alberta,Edmonton,AB,Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell L.","family":"Shiffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Institute of Virginia,Richmond,VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Caldwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Virginia,Charlottesville,VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Velimir","family":"Luketic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Commonwealth University,Richmond,VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dora","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gilead Sciences, Inc,Foster City,CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gilead Sciences, Inc,Foster City,CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan J.","family":"McColgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gilead Sciences, Inc,Foster City,CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John G.","family":"McHutchison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gilead Sciences, Inc,Foster City,CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Mani Subramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gilead Sciences, Inc,Foster City,CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert P.","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gilead Sciences, Inc,Foster City,CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Manns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Medical School,Hannover,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford,Oxford,UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nezam H.","family":"Afdhal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inova Fairfax Hospital,Falls Church,VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertus","family":"Eksteen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aspen Woods Clinic,Calgary,AB,Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher L.","family":"Bowlus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California at Davis,Sacramento,CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the GS\u2010US\u2010321\u20100102 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