{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T00:47:33Z","timestamp":1793234853876,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604016000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is diagnosed by clinical criteria, although several objective scores facilitate risk stratification. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as biomarkers for many diseases and are also implicated in the pathogenesis of AH. Therefore, we investigated whether plasma EV concentration and sphingolipid cargo could serve as diagnostic biomarkers for AH and inform prognosis to permit dynamic risk profiling of AH subjects.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Approach and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>EVs were isolated and quantified from plasma samples from healthy controls, heavy drinkers, and subjects with end\u2010stage liver disease (ESLD) attributed to cholestatic liver diseases and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, decompensated alcohol\u2010associated cirrhosis (AC), and AH. Sphingolipids were quantified by tandem mass spectroscopy. The median plasma EV concentration was significantly higher in AH subjects (5.38\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\/mL) compared to healthy controls (4.38\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>10<\/jats:sup>\/mL; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001), heavy drinkers (1.28\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\/mL; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001), ESLD (5.35\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>10<\/jats:sup>\/mL; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001), and decompensated AC (9.2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>10<\/jats:sup>\/mL; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) disease controls. Among AH subjects, EV concentration correlated with Model for End\u2010Stage Liver Disease score. When EV counts were dichotomized at the median, survival probability for AH subjects at 90 days was 63.0% in the high\u2010EV group and 90.0% in the low\u2010EV group (log\u2010rank <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> value\u00a0=\u00a00.015). Interestingly, EV sphingolipid cargo was significantly enriched in AH when compared to healthy controls, heavy drinkers, ESLD, and decompensated AC (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.0001). Multiple sphingolipids demonstrated good diagnostic and prognostic performance as biomarkers for AH.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Circulating EV concentration and sphingolipid cargo signature can be used in the diagnosis and differentiation of AH from heavy drinkers, decompensated AC, and other etiologies of ESLD and predict 90\u2010day survival permitting dynamic risk profiling.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,4]],"date-time":"2020-04-04T04:11:31Z","timestamp":1585973491000},"page":"571-585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Carrying Sphingolipid Cargo for the Diagnosis and Dynamic Risk Profiling of Alcoholic Hepatitis"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7346-5683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tejasav S.","family":"Sehrawat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Mayo Clinic,Rochester,MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan P.","family":"Arab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Mayo Clinic,Rochester,MN"},{"name":"Departamento de Gastroenterologia,Escuela de Medicina,Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile,Santiago,Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengfei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Mayo Clinic,Rochester,MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9191-6254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pouya","family":"Amrollahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia G. Piper Biodesign Center for Personalized Diagnostics,The Biodesign Institute,Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ"},{"name":"School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering,Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meihua","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia G. Piper Biodesign Center for Personalized Diagnostics,The Biodesign Institute,Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ"},{"name":"School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering,Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ"},{"name":"Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia G. Piper Biodesign Center for Personalized Diagnostics,The Biodesign Institute,Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ"},{"name":"School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering,Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Nakao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Mayo Clinic,Rochester,MN"},{"name":"Nagasaki University Hospital,Nagasaki,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Pose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit,Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona,School of Medicine and Health Sciences,University of Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain"},{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS),Barcelona,Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Hepaticas y Digestivas 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Nutrition,University of Pittsburgh Medical Center,Pittsburgh,PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun J.","family":"Sanyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition,Virginia Commonwealth University,Richmond,VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naga P.","family":"Chalasani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Indiana University,Indianapolis,IN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie K.","family":"Heimbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Transplant Surgery,Mayo Clinic,Rochester,MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kymberly D.","family":"Watt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Mayo 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