{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T09:30:04Z","timestamp":1792056604325,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,6]],"date-time":"2021-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NAFLD is increasing in prevalence and will soon be the most common chronic liver disease. Liver stiffness, as assessed by vibration\u2010controlled transient elastography (VCTE), correlates with hepatic fibrosis, an important predictor of liver\u2010related and all\u2010cause mortality. Although liver fat is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, the association between hepatic fibrosis and cardiovascular risk factors is less clear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Approach and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed VCTE, assessing controlled attenuation parameter (CAP; measure of steatosis) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) in 3,276 Framingham Heart Study adult participants (53.9% women, mean age 54.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a09.1\u00a0years) presenting for a routine study visit. We performed multivariable\u2010adjusted logistic regression models to determine the association between LSM and obesity\u2010related, vascular\u2010related, glucose\u2010related, and cholesterol\u2010related cardiovascular risk factors. The prevalence of hepatic steatosis (CAP\u00a0\u2265\u00a0290\u00a0dB\/m) was 28.8%, and 8.8% had hepatic fibrosis (LSM\u00a0\u2265 8.2\u00a0kPa). Hepatic fibrosis was associated with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, including increased odds of obesity (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.35\u20102.47), metabolic syndrome (OR, 1.49; 95% CI 1.10\u20102.01), diabetes (OR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.21\u20103.75), hypertension (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.15\u20101.99), and low high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.09\u20101.98), after adjustment for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol drinks\/week, physical activity index, aminotransferases, and CAP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In our community\u2010based cohort, VCTE\u2010defined hepatic fibrosis was associated with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, and high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol, even after accounting for covariates and CAP. Additional longitudinal studies are needed to determine if hepatic fibrosis contributes to incident cardiovascular disease risk factors or events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T15:33:01Z","timestamp":1604071981000},"page":"548-559","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Hepatic Fibrosis Associates With Multiple Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factors: The Framingham Heart Study"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6131-3981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle T.","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Gastroenterology,Boston Medical Center,Boston University School of Medicine,Boston,MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics,Boston University,Boston,MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanfei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics,Boston University,Boston,MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0703-0742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ching\u2010Ti","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics,Boston University,Boston,MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2882-7264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathleen E.","family":"Corey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Center,Gastroenterology Division,Department of Medicine,Massachusetts General Hospital,Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond T.","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Center,Gastroenterology Division,Department of Medicine,Massachusetts General Hospital,Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4845-9991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohit","family":"Loomba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology,Department of Medicine and Division of Epidemiology,Department of Family and Preventive,University of California at San Diego,La Jolla,CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4076-2336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emelia J.","family":"Benjamin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evans Department of Medicine,Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute and Cardiology 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