{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:43:18Z","timestamp":1786977798781,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]],"date-time":"2021-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]],"date-time":"2021-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Histological and clinical outcomes in HBV\u2010HIV coinfection in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) are poorly defined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Approach and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Adult patients co\u2010infected with HBV\u2010HIV from eight North American sites were enrolled in this National Institutes of Health (NIH)\u2013funded prospective observational study (n\u00a0=\u00a0139). Demographic, clinical, serological, and virological data were collected at entry and every 24\u00a0weeks for \u2264 192\u00a0weeks. Paired liver biopsies were obtained at study entry and at \u2265 3\u00a0years of follow\u2010up. Biopsies were assessed by a central pathology committee using the modified Ishak scoring system. Clinical outcome rate and changes in histology are reported. Among participants with follow\u2010up data (n\u00a0=\u00a0114), median age was 49\u00a0years, 91% were male, 51% were non\u2010Hispanic Black, and 13% had at\u2010risk alcohol use, with a median infection of 20\u00a0years. At entry, 95% were on anti\u2010HBV cART. Median CD4 count was 562 cells\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      and 93% had HIV\u00a0&lt;\u00a0400 copies\/mL. HBeAg was positive in 61%, and HBV DNA was below the limit of quantification (&lt; 20\u00a0IU\/mL) in 61% and &lt; 1,000\u00a0IU\/mL in 80%. Clinical events were uncommon across follow\u2010up: one hepatic decompensation, two HCC, no liver transplants, and one HBV\u2010related deaths, with a composite endpoint rate of 0.61\/100 person\u2010years. Incident cirrhosis (n\u00a0=\u00a01), alanine aminotransferase flare (n\u00a0=\u00a02), and HBeAg loss (n\u00a0=\u00a013) rates were 0.40, 0.65, and 6.86 per 100 person\u2010years, respectively. No participants had HBsAg loss. Paired biopsy (n\u00a0=\u00a062; median 3.6\u00a0years apart) revealed minimal improvement in Histologic Activity Index (median [interquartile range]: 3 [2\u20104] to 3 [1\u20103];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.02) and no significant change in fibrosis score (1 [1\u20102] to 1 [0\u20103];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.58).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a North American cohort of adults with HBV\u2010HIV on cART with virological suppression, clinical outcomes and worsening histological disease were uncommon.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,20]],"date-time":"2021-03-20T17:35:20Z","timestamp":1616261720000},"page":"1174-1189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["A Prospective Study Evaluating Changes in Histology, Clinical and Virologic Outcomes in HBV\u2010HIV Co\u2010infected Adults in North America"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8637-2475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard K.","family":"Sterling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Commonwealth University,Richmond,VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy C.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health,Pittsburgh,PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9178-9139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mandana","family":"Khalili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco,San Francisco,CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond T.","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital,Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2145-6352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Sulkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University,Baltimore,MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mamta K.","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern,Dallas,TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauricio","family":"Lisker\u2010Melman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University School of Medicine,St. Louis,MO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2837-0188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc G.","family":"Ghany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Institute,Bethesda,MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David K.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Health Network,Toronto,Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda S.","family":"Hinerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health,Pittsburgh,PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atul K.","family":"Bhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital,Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdus S.","family":"Wahed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health,Pittsburgh,PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Kleiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Institute,Bethesda,MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the HBV\u2010HIV Cohort Study of the Hepatitis B Research Network","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"hep31823-bib-0001-20250824","first-page":"S57","article-title":"Hepatitis B in the HIV\u2010coinfected 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