{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T21:41:40Z","timestamp":1793914900126,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]],"date-time":"2021-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623974400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    NAFLD is one of the leading causes of abnormal liver function worldwide. NAFLD refers to a group of liver conditions ranging from nonalcoholic fatty liver to NASH, which involves inflammation, hepatocellular damage, and fibrosis. Triggering of inflammation in NASH is a key event in the progression of the disease, and identifying the factors that initiate or dysregulate this process is needed to develop strategies for its prevention or treatment. B cells have been implicated in several autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. However, their role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and NASH is less clear. This review discusses the emerging evidence implicating intrahepatic B cells in the progression of NAFLD. We highlight the potential mechanisms of B\u2010cell activation during NAFLD, such as increased hepatic expression of B\u2010cell\u2013activating factor, augmented oxidative stress, and translocation of gut\u2010derived microbial products. We discuss the possible effector functions by which B cells promote NAFLD, including the production of proinflammatory cytokines and regulation of intrahepatic T cells and macrophages. Finally, we highlight the role of regulatory and IgA\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cells in the pathogenesis of NASH\u2010associated HCC. In this review, we make the case that future research is needed to investigate the potential of B\u2010cell\u2013targeting strategies for the treatment of NAFLD.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,8]],"date-time":"2021-05-08T21:40:49Z","timestamp":1620510049000},"page":"2277-2286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":118,"title":["The Emerging Role of B Cells in the Pathogenesis of NAFLD"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Fanta","family":"Barrow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology,University of Minnesota,Minneapolis,MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology,University of Toronto,Toronto,ON,Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiguang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology,University of Minnesota,Minneapolis,MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2754-509X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier S.","family":"Revelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology,University of Minnesota,Minneapolis,MN"},{"name":"Center for Immunology,University of Minnesota,Minneapolis,MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"hep31889-bib-0001-20250824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.109","article-title":"Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and 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