{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T18:15:13Z","timestamp":1793556913669,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638921600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Racial\/ethnic minority children have worse liver transplant (LT) outcomes. We evaluated whether neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation affected associations between race\/ethnicity and wait\u2010list mortality.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Approach and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We included children (age\u00a0&lt;18) listed 2005\u20132015 in the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients. We categorized patients as non\u2010Hispanic White, Black, Hispanic, and other. We matched patient ZIP codes to a neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation index (range, 0\u20131; higher values indicate worse deprivation). Primary outcomes were wait\u2010list mortality, defined as death\/delisting for too sick, and receipt of living donor liver transplant (LDLT). Competing risk analyses modeled the association between race\/ethnicity and wait\u2010list mortality, with deceased donor liver transplant (DDLT) and LDLT as competing risks, and race\/ethnicity and LDLT, with wait\u2010list mortality and DDLT as competing risks. Of 7716 children, 17% and 24% identified as Black and Hispanic, respectively. Compared to White children, Black and Hispanic children had increased unadjusted hazard of wait\u2010list mortality (subhazard ratio [sHR], 1.44; 95% CI, 1.18, 1.75 and sHR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.25, 1.76, respectively). After adjusting for neighborhood deprivation, insurance, and listing laboratory Model for End\u2010Stage Liver Disease\/Pediatric End\u2010Stage Liver Disease, Black and Hispanic children did not have increased hazard of wait\u2010list mortality (sHR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.91, 1.39 and sHR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.00, 1.47, respectively). Similarly, Black and Hispanic children had a decreased likelihood of LDLT (sHR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.45, 0.75 and sHR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.49, 0.75, respectively). Adjustment attenuated the effect of Black and Hispanic race\/ethnicity on likelihood of LDLT (sHR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.60, 1.02 and sHR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.70, 1.11, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Household and neighborhood socioeconomic factors and disease severity at wait\u2010list entry help explain racial\/ethnic disparities for children awaiting transplant. A nuanced understanding of how social adversity contributes to wait\u2010list outcomes may inform strategies to improve outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]],"date-time":"2021-08-13T09:52:13Z","timestamp":1628848333000},"page":"115-124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Racial\/ethnic disparities in wait\u2010list outcomes are only partly explained by socioeconomic deprivation among children awaiting liver transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"75","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5565-6670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharad I.","family":"Wadhwani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics,University of California, San Francisco,San Francisco,California,USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1574-1525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine,University of California,San Francisco,California,USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2669-4066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Gottlieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine,University of California,San Francisco,California,USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1111-8595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Courtney","family":"Lyles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine,University of California,San Francisco,California,USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4262-663X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew F.","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics,University of Cincinnati College of Medicine,Cincinnati,Ohio,USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics,Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center,Cincinnati,Ohio,USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6767-8874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Bucuvalas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai,New York,New York,USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics,Kravis Children\u2019s Hospital at Mount Sinai,New York,New York,USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0998-4352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Neuhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,University of California,San Francisco,California,USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uma","family":"Kotagal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics,University of Cincinnati College of Medicine,Cincinnati,Ohio,USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics,Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center,Cincinnati,Ohio,USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2092-6380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer C.","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine,University of California,San 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