{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T20:01:42Z","timestamp":1791489702389,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]],"date-time":"2022-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]],"date-time":"2022-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658448000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background and Aims:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Data on the epidemiology of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in the United States are limited. This study investigated the sociodemographic and geographic factors associated with AIH incidence and prevalence with and without cirrhosis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Approach and Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In a retrospective cohort of adults in the Optum Clinformatics Data Mart (2009\u20132018), we identified AIH cases using a validated claims\u2010based algorithm. Incidence and prevalence were compared between sociodemographic subgroups. Logistic regression evaluated the association of US Census Division with AIH incidence and the factors associated with incident AIH with cirrhosis. From 2009 to 2018, the age\u2010 and sex\u2010standardized prevalence of AIH in the Optum cohort was 26.6 per 100,000 persons with an incidence of 4.0 per 100,000 person\u2010years. AIH incidence increased earlier among Hispanics (age 50\u201359\u2009years) and later among Asians (\u226580\u2009years). Adjusted AIH incidence was higher in the Mountain Division (odds ratio [OR] 1.17) and lower in the Pacific (OR 0.68), Middle Atlantic (OR 0.81), and West North Central Divisions (OR 0.86 vs. East North Central; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.001). Male sex (OR 1.31, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.003), Black race (OR 1.32, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.022), and Hispanic ethnicity (OR 1.37 vs. non\u2010Hispanic White, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.009) were associated with incident AIH with cirrhosis. Incident AIH with cirrhosis was greater in the West South Central Division (OR 1.30 vs. South Atlantic; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.008).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>AIH epidemiology differs according to sociodemographic and geographic factors in the United States. Studies are needed to determine the genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors underlying the heterogeneity in AIH risk and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,10]],"date-time":"2022-07-10T12:54:56Z","timestamp":1657457696000},"page":"367-378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Sociodemographic and geographic differences in the US epidemiology of autoimmune hepatitis with and without cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8576-0193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Therese","family":"Bittermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James D.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Digestive Health and Liver Disease, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S.","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Digestive Health and Liver Disease, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"hep32653-bib-0001-20250824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.10.020","article-title":"Autoimmune hepatitis in Denmark: incidence, prevalence, prognosis, and causes of death. 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