{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T09:02:02Z","timestamp":1792314122181,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":6758,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>\n                                 <jats:bold>To determine the clinical, biochemical, and histological features, and outcome of childhood autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), we reviewed the medical records of 52 children with AIH, 32 (median age: 10 [2\u201315] years) anti\u2013nuclear and\/or smooth muscle antibody (ANA\/SMA) positive, 20 (7 [0.8\u201314] years) liver\/kidney microsomal antibody (LKM\u20131) positive, with median follow\u2013up of 5 years (range 0.3\u201319). At presentation: 56% had symptoms of prolonged acute hepatitis; LKM\u20131 positive were younger (P = .011), with higher bilirubin (P = .007), and AST (P = .047); ANA\/SMA positive had lower albumin (P = .023); 69% ANA\/SMA positive, and 38% LKM\u20131 positive were cirrhotic (P = .080). ANA\/SMA positive had increased frequency of HLA haplotype A1\/B8\/DR3\/DR52a compared with controls (53% vs. 14%, P &lt; .001). Of six (5 LKM\u20131 positive) with fulminant hepatitis, four were transplanted, one died, and one ANA\/SMA positive improved with immunosuppression. Of 47 treated with immunosuppression, 2 (1 LKM\u20131 positive) died with no remission and 4 (2 LKM\u20131 positive) were transplanted 8 to 14 years after diagnosis. Immunosuppression was stopped successfully in 19% of ANA\/SMA positive after a median of 3 years of treatment, but in none of LKM\u20131 positive. Baseline bilirubin and international normalized prothrombin ratio (INR) were independent variables predictive of outcome. In conclusion, ANA\/SMA positive and LKM\u20131 positive AIH in childhood have clinical, biochemical, and histological differences, but similar severity and long\u2013term outcome.<\/jats:bold>\n                              <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,10]],"date-time":"2004-08-10T07:06:54Z","timestamp":1092121614000},"page":"541-547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":549,"title":["Autoimmune Hepatitis in Childhood: A 20\u2013Year Experience"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"G V","family":"Gregorio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Portmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P T","family":"Donaldson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D G","family":"Doherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"McCartney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A P","family":"Mowat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Vergani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Mieli-Vergani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","container-title":["Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhep.510250308","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-199703000-00008","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T11:24:55Z","timestamp":1733052295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-199703000-00008"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.510250308","relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-9139"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-9139","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,3]]}}}