{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T16:23:32Z","timestamp":1776356612979,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":6666,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>To determine the efficacy of endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) in prophylaxis on the rate of first esophageal variceal bleeding, we conducted a prospective, randomized trial in 126 cirrhotic patients with no history of previous upper gastrointestinal bleeding and with esophageal varices endoscopically judged to be at high risk of hemorrhage. The end-points of the study were bleeding and death. Life-table curves showed that prophylactic EVL significantly diminished the rate of variceal hemorrhage (12\/62 [19%] vs. 38\/64 [60%]; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = .0001) and overall mortality (17\/62 [28%] vs. 37\/64 [58%]; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = .0011). The 2-year cumulative bleeding rate was 19% (12\/ 62) in the EVL group and 60% (38\/64) in the control group. The 2-year cumulative mortality rate was 28% (17\/62) in the EVL group and 58% (37\/64) in the control group. Comparison of Kaplan-Meier estimates of the time to death of both groups showed significantly lower mortality in the ligation group (P = .001). Patients undergoing EVL had few treatment failures and died mainly of hepatic failure. The lower risk in the EVL group was attributed to a rapid reduction of variceal size. Prophylactic EVL was more efficient in preventing first bleeding in patients with good condition (Child A) than in those with decompensated disease (Child B and C). We conclude that prophylactic EVL can decrease the incidence of first variceal bleeding and death over a period of 2 years in cirrhotic patients with high-risk esophageal varices.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,27]],"date-time":"2004-07-27T23:06:43Z","timestamp":1090969603000},"page":"1346-1350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":142,"title":["Endoscopic variceal ligation in prophylaxis of first variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients with high-risk esophageal varices"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"C","family":"Lay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C Y","family":"Teg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W S","family":"Shyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W S","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K L","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K J","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","container-title":["Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhep.510250608","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-199706000-00009","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T15:20:50Z","timestamp":1738941650000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-199706000-00009"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,6]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.510250608","relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-9139"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-9139","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,6]]}}}