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We titered the genomic\u2013 and minus\u2013strand HCV RNAs by a strand\u2013specific, semiquantitative, genotype\u2013independent reverse\u2013transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2013PCR) in the liver tissue of 61 patients with chronic hepatitis C. Findings were correlated with the levels of HCV RNA in the serum, the HCV genotype, the expression of intrahepatic HCV antigens, the histological activity (using separate scores for the lobular and the portal\/periportal necroinflammatory activity and for the fibrosis), and the response to interferon alfa (IFN\u2013\u03b1) treatment. Genomic\u2013 and minus\u2013strand HCV RNA were detected in 59 and 57 liver specimens, respectively. The HCV\u2013RNA level in the serum correlated with the genomic\u2013strand, but not with the minus\u2013strand, HCV\u2013RNA titer in the liver. No correlations were found between either strand of the intrahepatic HCV RNA and the level of expression of HCV antigens in the liver, or with the grading\/staging of the underlying liver disease. The response to IFN\u2013\u03b1 treatment could be predicted by the serum HCV\u2013RNA level and genotype, but not by the intrahepatic level of genomic\u2013 or minus\u2013strand HCV RNA. These results suggest that, although the detection of the minus\u2013strand HCV RNA reliably identifies the presence of replicating HCV in its target organ, the quantitative measurement of viremia remains the clinically meaningful \u201cgolden standard\u201d for assessing the level of HCV replication<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,27]],"date-time":"2004-07-27T23:39:45Z","timestamp":1090971585000},"page":"536-542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Detection of Genomic\u2013 and Minus\u2013Strand of Hepatitis C Virus Rna in the Liver of Chronic Hepatitis C Patients by Strand\u2013Specific Semiquantitative Reversetranscriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Negro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Krawczynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Quadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Rubbia-Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Mondelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Zarski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Hadengue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510240435","volume":"24","author":"Battegay","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BIB2","first-page":"16","volume":"18","author":"Kato","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BIB3","first-page":"1458","volume":"89","author":"Gordon","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/169.6.1219","volume":"169","author":"Gretch","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840190411","volume":"19","author":"Naito","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510260537","volume":"26","author":"Di Martino","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510260131","volume":"26","author":"Pawlotsky","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43s","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510260708","volume":"26","author":"Gretch","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.1.187-192.1997","volume":"35","author":"Hawkins","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1385\/0-89603-521-2:471","volume-title":"Hepatitis C Protocols","author":"Lanford","year":"1998","unstructured":"Strand-specific rTth RT\/PCR for the analysis of HCV replication. 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