{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T11:00:27Z","timestamp":1792839627223,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":6028,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a progressive cholestatic liver disease frequently leading to development of cirrhosis and its complications. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a beneficial medical therapy for patients with PBC. Improvement in some histological features, but not in histological stage, has been reported after 2 years of UDCA therapy. Thus, longer follow\u2013up may be necessary to determine whether UDCA has a favorable effect on histological stage of disease and progression to cirrhosis. Our aim was to determine the long\u2013term effects of UDCA therapy on histological stage and progression to cirrhosis in patients with PBC. Sixteen unselected patients with noncirrhotic PBC who had been on long\u2013term UDCA therapy (13\u201315 mg\/kg\/d) for 6.6 \u00b1 0.4 years (range, 5\u20139 years) were identified and their histological finding during treatment compared with that of 51 noncirrhotic patients with PBC who had received ineffective therapy (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d<\/jats:italic>\u2013penicillamine [DPCA] or placebo) for 5.6 \u00b1 0.07 years (range, 5\u20138 years). Histological stage was determined using the Ludwig classification. The rate of progression to cirrhosis (stage 4) was significantly less in the UDCA group than in the control group (13% vs. 49%<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>= .009). Although the overall rate of progression of histological stage was less in the UDCA group than in the control group (50% vs. 71%), this difference was not significant (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>= .1). A marked improvement in liver biochemistries and Mayo risk score was noted in all patients during UDCA therapy; however, this improvement was not significantly different between patients who progressed and those who did not. In conclusion, long\u2013term UDCA therapy appeared to delay the development of cirrhosis in PBC.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,28]],"date-time":"2004-07-28T07:25:38Z","timestamp":1090999538000},"page":"644-647","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":195,"title":["Long\u2013Term Ursodeoxycholic Acid Delays Histological Progression in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Paul","family":"Angulo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth P.","family":"Batts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry M.","family":"Therneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta A.","family":"Jorgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolland E.","family":"Dickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith D.","family":"Lindor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199611213352107","volume":"335","author":"Kaplan","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-3261(05)70011-8","volume":"2","author":"Angulo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199105303242204","volume":"324","author":"Poupon","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199405123301903","volume":"330","author":"Poupon","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(94)90021-3","volume":"106","author":"Lindor","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8613058","volume":"1110","author":"Lindor","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840190512","volume":"19","author":"Heathcote","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BIB8","first-page":"759","volume":"22","author":"Combes","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BIB9","first-page":"168a","volume":"24","author":"Emmond","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)70183-5","volume":"113","author":"Poupon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.4065\/72.12.1137","volume":"72","author":"Lindor","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"BIB12","first-page":"1","volume":"97","author":"Dickson","year":"1989","journal-title":"10 Hepatology"},{"key":"BIB13","first-page":"1148","volume":"23","author":"Kilmurry","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BIB14","author":"Angulo","unstructured":"Utilization of the Mayo risk score in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis receiving ursodeoxycholic acid. 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