{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T05:47:06Z","timestamp":1789192026768,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":6028,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Anti\u2013idiotypic antibodies may regulate the immune system and influence pathogenic autoimmunity. We investigated idiotype-anti\u2013idiotype interactions in sera of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), normal subjects and animals immunized with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) or its derivatives. IgG autoantibody to the E2 subunit of PDC (PDC\u2013E2) was derived by affinity\u2013purification from sera of 12 patients with PBC, and F(ab)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was prepared (anti-PDC\u2013E2\u2013F[ab]<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>). This was used as a reactant by enzyme\u2013linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with sera from patients with PBC, normal subjects, or immunized animals. Results were that IgG antibody to anti-PDC\u2013E2\u2013F(ab)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was detectable at low concentration in 12 PBC sera (mean optical density [OD] \u00b1 SD: 1.02 \u00b1 0.26), and also in 19 normal sera (mean OD \u00b1 SD: 0.97 \u00b1 0.35) using a serum dilution of 1:20; background OD was 0.09 to 0.10, whereas antisera from animals immunized with PDC or PDC\u2013E2 were nonreactive. There was a significant inverse correlation (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic> = -.59, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = .04) between the levels of anti-PDC\u2013E2 in PBC sera (but not normal sera), and anti\u2013idiotypic antibody reactive with anti-PDC\u2013E2\u2013F(ab)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. Anti\u2013idiotypic antibody existed as a complex with anti-PDC\u2013E2, because the removal of anti-PDC\u2013E2 from serum resulted in decreased reactivity to anti-PDC\u2013E2\u2013F(ab)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. Reactivity between PDC\u2013E2 and anti-PDC\u2013E2 from PBC serum was not inhibited by normal sera, indicating that anti\u2013idiotypic antibody from normal sera with anti-PDC\u2013E2 reacts with the framework of F(ab) rather than the paratope. The conclusions are that PBC and normal sera contain IgG class anti\u2013idiotypic antibodies to anti-PDC\u2013E2, the characteristic autoantibody in PBC. Anti-PDC\u2013E2 in immunized animals does not contain an idiotype cross\u2013reactive with human anti-PDC\u2013E2. Anti\u2013idiotypic antibody in PBC is complexed with anti-PDC\u2013E2 and in part accounts for immune complexes demonstrable in PBC. Anti\u2013idiotypic antibody in PBC may regulate levels of anti-PDC\u2013E2.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,28]],"date-time":"2004-07-28T07:25:38Z","timestamp":1090999538000},"page":"624-631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Anti\u2013Idiotypic Antibodies to Anti-Pdc\u2013E2 in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Normal Subjects"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Qiao-yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merrill J.","family":"Rowley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian R.","family":"Mackay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"BIB1","first-page":"1259","volume-title":"The Liver: Biology and Pathobiology II","author":"Mackay","year":"1988","unstructured":"The idiotype network: implications for autoimmunity, infections, cancer, aging, and vaccines. 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