{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T11:12:42Z","timestamp":1789384362096,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":5936,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Lack of a reproducible animal model has hampered progress in understanding hepatic veno\u2013occlusive disease (HVOD). This article characterizes a reproducible model of HVOD. Rats gavaged with monocrotaline, 160 mg\/kg, were killed between days 1 and 10. Sections were evaluated by light microscopy with a standardized scoring system, by immunoperoxidase staining with ED\u20131 (monocytes, macrophages) and ED\u20132 (Kupffer cells) antibodies, and by transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). On days 1 and 2, the earliest manifestations were progressive injury to the sinusoidal wall with loss of sinusoidal lining cells, sinusoidal hemorrhage, and mild damage to central vein (CV) endothelium. On days 3 through 5 (\u201cearly HVOD\u201d), there was centrilobular coagulative necrosis, severe injury to sinusoids, severe sinusoidal hemorrhage, and severe CV endothelial damage; inflammation with ED\u20131-positive cells was most marked on these days. Days 6 and 7 (\u201clate HVOD\u201d) were characterized by subendothelial and advential fibrosis of CVs, damage of the CV endothelium with subendothelial hemorrhage, and some restoration of the sinusoidal wall. Between days 8 and 10, sections showed interindividual variation ranging from mild, residual fibrosis to severe, late HVOD. From days 1 through 10, ED\u20132-positive cells were decreased in number, and the number of ED\u20131-positive cells was increased. Sinusoidal damage is the earliest change in HVOD. Coagulative necrosis follows sinusoidal injury and resolves with improvement in sinusoidal endothelial cell (SEC) morphology. Moderate\u2013to\u2013severe CV fibrosis occurs after reappearance of sinusoidal lining cells and resolution of hepatocyte necrosis. The inflammatory response within the lobule and CVs is a result of recruitment of monocytes, whereas Kupffer cells are decreased in number.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,28]],"date-time":"2004-07-28T07:25:40Z","timestamp":1090999540000},"page":"1779-1791","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":288,"title":["Characterization of A Reproducible Rat Model of Hepatic Veno\u2013Occlusive Disease"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Laurie D.","family":"DeLeve","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"McCuskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangdong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liping","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret K.","family":"McCuskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert B.","family":"Epstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary C.","family":"Kanel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"BIB1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Special Report on Pictou Cattle Disease, Department of Agriculture, Canada, Health of Animals Branch","author":"Pethick","year":"1907","unstructured":"Special Report on Pictou Cattle Disease, Department of Agriculture, Canada, Health of Animals Branch. 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