{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:15:57Z","timestamp":1787314557851,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]],"date-time":"2021-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632441600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatol Commun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Standard treatment of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection remains pegylated\u2010interferon alfa (peg\u2010IFN\u03b1) in most centers, which is not only associated with rather low efficacy but several adverse events. Hepatitis B core\u2010related antigen (HBcrAg) is linked to intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA levels and has previously been suggested as response predictor in IFN\u2010based treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) mono\u2010infection. This study aimed to investigate the value of HBcrAg in the management of patients with HBV\/HDV co\u2010infection undergoing peg\u2010IFN\u03b1 treatment. The Hep\u2010Net\u2010International\u2010Delta\u2010Hepatitis\u2010Intervention Trial\u20102 study included 120 patients co\u2010infected with HBV\/HDV. Patients were treated for 96 weeks with peg\u2010IFN\u03b1 and either tenofovir or placebo. Ninety\u2010nine patients with HDV\u2010RNA results 24 weeks after end of treatment (FU24) were included in this analysis, of whom 32 patients (32.3%) had undetectable HDV RNA at FU24. HBcrAg was measured at baseline, week 12, 24, 48, 96, and FU24. HBcrAg levels showed no significant correlation with HDV RNA but were significantly linked to treatment outcome. HBcrAg levels &lt; 4.5 log IU\/mL at baseline, week 24, and week 48 had high negative predictive value (NPV) for achieving undetectable HDV RNA at FU24 (81.8%, 87.1% and 95.0%, respectively). Similarly, HBcrAg levels at week 96 were significantly higher in patients with viral relapse until FU24 (3.0 vs. 3.63 log IU\/mL;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.0089). Baseline, week 24, and week 48 HBcrAg levels were also associated with the likelihood of achieving HBsAg level &lt; 100 IU\/mL at FU24 (HBcrAg &lt; 3.0 log IU\/mL: NPV 91.7%, 90.4% and 92.3%, respectively). Test statistics improved when combining HBcrAg with additional viral and clinical parameters.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion:<\/jats:italic>\n                    HBcrAg is linked to treatment response to peg\u2010IFN\u03b1 in patients with HBV\/HDV co\u2010infection and could be a promising marker to determine treatment futility.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]],"date-time":"2021-09-25T02:53:53Z","timestamp":1632538433000},"page":"480-495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["HBcrAg Levels Are Associated With Virological Response to Treatment With Interferon in Patients With Hepatitis Delta"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Lisa","family":"Sandmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology,Hannover Medical School,Hannover,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5419-7158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cihan","family":"Yurdaydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,University of Ankara Medical School,Ankara,Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Ko\u00e7 University Medical School,Istanbul,Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Deterding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology,Hannover Medical School,Hannover,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Heidrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology,Hannover Medical School,Hannover,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svenja","family":"Hardtke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology,Hannover Medical School,Hannover,Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research, HepNet Study\u2010House,Hannover,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology,Hannover Medical School,Hannover,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgit","family":"Bremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology,Hannover Medical School,Hannover,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael P.","family":"Manns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology,Hannover Medical School,Hannover,Germany"},{"name":"Center for Individualized Infection Medicine,Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research,Hannover,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Cornberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology,Hannover Medical School,Hannover,Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research, HepNet Study\u2010House,Hannover,Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hannover\u2010Braunschweig,Hannover,Germany"},{"name":"Center for Individualized Infection Medicine,Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research,Hannover,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heiner","family":"Wedemeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology,Hannover Medical School,Hannover,Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research, HepNet Study\u2010House,Hannover,Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hannover\u2010Braunschweig,Hannover,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Maasoumy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology,Hannover Medical School,Hannover,Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hannover\u2010Braunschweig,Hannover,Germany"},{"name":"Center for Individualized Infection Medicine,Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research,Hannover,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the HIDIT\u2010II Study 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