{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T12:59:29Z","timestamp":1784033969809,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653955200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatol Commun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The prognostic impact of direct\u2010acting antivirals (DAAs) on patients with hepatitis C\u2010related hepatocellular carcinoma (C\u2010HCC) is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the prognosis of C\u2010HCC in the DAA era. We enrolled 1237 consecutive patients with treatment\u2010naive C\u2010HCC who underwent radical radiofrequency ablation between 1999 and 2019. We also enrolled 350 patients with nonviral HCC as controls. We divided these patients into three groups according to the year of initial treatment: 1999\u20132005 (cohort 1), 2006\u20132013 (cohort 2), and 2014\u20132019 (cohort 3). The use of antiviral agents and their effect in patients with C\u2010HCC was investigated. Overall survival was evaluated for each cohort using the Kaplan\u2010Meier method and a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model. Sustained virologic response (SVR) was achieved in 52 (10%), 157 (26%), and 102 (74%) patients with C\u2010HCC in cohorts 1\u20133, respectively. The 3\u2010 and 5\u2010year survival rates of patients with C\u2010HCC were 82% and 59% in cohort 1; 80% and 64% in cohort 2; and 86% and 78% in cohort 3, respectively (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003). Multivariable analysis adjusted for age, liver function, and tumor extension showed that the prognosis of C\u2010HCC improved in cohort 3 compared to cohort 1 (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.32\u20130.73; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), whereas the prognosis of nonviral HCC did not improve significantly (aHR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.59\u20131.57; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.88). The prognosis of C\u2010HCC drastically improved with the advent of DAAs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.2010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T01:15:42Z","timestamp":1654046142000},"page":"2496-2512","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Improved prognosis of hepatitis C\u2010related hepatocellular carcinoma in the era of direct\u2010acting antivirals"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4457-1449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Fukumoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2918-892X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Minami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Moriyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoharu","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taijiro","family":"Wake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mizuki Nishibatake","family":"Kinoshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4109-3421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoto","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Nakagomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5727-5385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuma","family":"Nakatsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaya","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenichiro","family":"Enooku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayato","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsuhiro","family":"Fujishiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuichiro","family":"Shiina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Juntendo University,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiko","family":"Koike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3021-2517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Tateishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology,Graduate School of Medicine,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"hep42010-bib-0001-20241118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1713263","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"380","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"hep42010-bib-0002-20241118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-019-0186-y","article-title":"A global view of hepatocellular carcinoma: trends, risk, prevention and management","volume":"16","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"hep42010-bib-0003-20241118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-3-199908030-00003","article-title":"Interferon therapy reduces the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma: national surveillance program of cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients with chronic 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reduces all\u2010cause mortality in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a propensity score analysis","volume":"36","year":"2016","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"hep42010-bib-0026-20241118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.05.028","article-title":"Effect of interferon\u2010based and \u2010free therapy on early occurrence and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C","volume":"67","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Hepatology 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