{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T15:52:52Z","timestamp":1791042772141,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,28]],"date-time":"2003-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1043712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hippocampus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a prior study of continuous recognition performance, data were reported in support of the hypothesis that the hippocampus is not needed to remember the individual components of a stimulus but is important for remembering associations between its components (Kroll et al. <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#bib18\">1996<\/jats:ext-link>. J Mem Lang 35:176\u2013196). Patients with left hippocampal damage were able to endorse recently encountered words and to reject novel words, as well as disyllabic words in which one of the syllables had been previously encountered. However, they failed to reject words in which both syllables had been encountered independently in different words. We present data from five experiments designed to examine this finding in more detail. In each experiment, five patients with bilateral hippocampal damage and eight controls were tested using the same protocol as Kroll et al. (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#bib18\">1996<\/jats:ext-link>). On each trial, a two\u2010component stimulus was presented. Stimuli could be entirely novel, novel with one previously encountered (repeated) component, novel but with both components repeated, or a true repetition. The first experiment was a direct replication using the same disyllabic words as Kroll et al. (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#bib18\">1996<\/jats:ext-link>). The second experiment used pseudo\u2010words, constructed of two monosyllabic words (e.g., <jats:italic>jambark<\/jats:italic>). The third experiment used the same pairs of monosyllabic words, but presented separately on the screen to encourage participants to treat each component independently. The fourth experiment used pairs of objects, and the fifth experiment used face\u2013house pairs. In all five experiments, patients with hippocampal damage exhibited impaired recognition memory. The impairment extended across all trial types with no evidence that hippocampal damage selectively (or disproportionately) impaired the associative or conjunctive component of memory. We discuss our findings in the light of the work by Kroll et al. (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#bib18\">1996<\/jats:ext-link>) and other recent neuropsychological, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging studies of hippocampal function and single\u2010item and associative memory. Hippocampus 2003;13:281\u2013292. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.10085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,18]],"date-time":"2003-03-18T22:54:38Z","timestamp":1048028078000},"page":"281-292","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Hippocampal damage equally impairs memory for single items and memory for conjunctions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Craig E.L.","family":"Stark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry R.","family":"Squire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X99002034"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.109.6.1052"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.109.2.204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/08989290151137403"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"The neuropsychology of memory","author":"Broadbent NJ","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35049064"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/379255a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.13.7109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.112.4.762"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35036213"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00035391"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/80671"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.84.6.1130"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80315-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1063(1997)7:3<249::AID-HIPO1>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.10.5884"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.10011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmla.1996.0010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1063(1999)9:5<495::AID-HIPO2>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.1093"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.102.3.419"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200205240-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","article-title":"Modeling hippocampal and neocortical contributions to recognition memory: a complementary learning systems approach","author":"Norman KA","journal-title":"Psych Rev."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-1063(2000)10:4<389::AID-HIPO5>3.0.CO;2-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.108.2.311"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.111.4.667"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.113.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-16-05233.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.100.6.866"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.114.3.459"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-20-07776.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.40701"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.221462998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03337828","article-title":"Configural association theory: the role of the hippocampal formation in learning, memory, and amnesia","volume":"17","author":"Sutherland RJ","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychobiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06726.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3853","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-10-03853.2000","article-title":"Contrasting effects on discrimination learning after hippocampal lesions and conjoint hippocampal\u2010caudate lesions in monkeys","volume":"20","author":"Teng E","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0080017"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5324.376"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/17605"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200102120-00035"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","first-page":"501","volume-title":"The Oxford handbook of memory","author":"Zola SM","year":"2000"}],"container-title":["Hippocampus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhipo.10085","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hipo.10085","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T01:19:29Z","timestamp":1700270369000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hipo.10085"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hipo.10085"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hipo.10085","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-9631","1098-1063"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-9631","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-1063","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}}}