{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T15:53:34Z","timestamp":1760975614283},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,29]],"date-time":"2008-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hippocampus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>MacKay and James (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#bib35\">2001<\/jats:ext-link>) demonstrated greater\u2010than\u2010normal retrograde amnesia (RA) for lexical\u2010semantic information in amnesic H.M., a deficit that worsened with aging or represented supranormal age\u2010linked RA (SARA). The present experiments extend these earlier observations to new types of information. Experiment 1 participants (H.M. and carefully matched memory\u2010normal controls) named pictures on the Boston Naming Test and H.M. correctly named reliably fewer pictures with low frequency names, he produced unusual naming errors, and he benefited reliably less than the controls from phonological cues to the target word. Experiment 2 participants recalled irregularly\u2010spelled aspects of familiar words in a two\u2010choice recognition memory task and H.M. chose the correct spelling reliably less often than the controls. Experiment 3 participants read low frequency words aloud at age 73 and H.M. produced reliably more reading errors than the controls. Results of all three experiments indicate supranormal RA (SRA) for information once familiar to H.M. and comparisons with earlier studies using similar or identical stimuli indicated that H.M.'s SRA has worsened with aging from 1980 to 1999. In short, H.M. exhibits SARA for phonological and orthographic information, consistent with the MacKay and James results and with interactions between aging and amnesia predicted under binding theory. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,31]],"date-time":"2008-12-31T19:42:32Z","timestamp":1230752552000},"page":"424-445","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Supra\u2010normal age\u2010linked retrograde amnesia: Lessons from an older amnesic (H.M.)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Donald 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