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It is known that granule cells undergo mossy fiber sprouting in the dentate gyrus which contributes to a recurrent, proepileptogenic circuitry in the hippocampus. Here it is shown that mossy fiber sprouting also targets CA2 pyramidal cell somata and that the CA2 region undergoes prominent structural reorganization under epileptic conditions. Using the intrahippocampal kainate mouse model for MTLE and the CA2\u2010specific markers Purkinje cell protein 4 (PCP4) and regulator of G\u2010Protein signaling 14 (RGS14), it was found that during epileptogenesis CA2 neurons survive and disperse in direction of CA3 and CA1 resulting in a significantly elongated CA2 region. Using transgenic mice that express enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) in granule cells and mossy fibers, we show that the recently described mossy fiber projection to CA2 undergoes sprouting resulting in aberrant large, synaptoporin\u2010expressing mossy fiber boutons which surround the CA2 pyramidal cell somata. This opens up the potential for altered synaptic transmission that might contribute to epileptic activity in CA2. Indeed, intrahippocampal recordings in freely moving mice revealed that epileptic activity occurs concomitantly in the dentate gyrus and in CA2. Altogether, the results call attention to CA2 as a region affected by MTLE\u2010associated pathological restructuring. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,20]],"date-time":"2015-10-20T09:05:23Z","timestamp":1445331923000},"page":"577-588","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Mossy fiber sprouting and pyramidal cell dispersion in the hippocampal <scp>CA2<\/scp> region in a mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Ute","family":"H\u00e4ussler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Center Freiburg Freiburg 79106 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Rinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Center 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