{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T12:37:18Z","timestamp":1790771838669,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00HD065832"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00HD065832"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P41EB015922"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P41EB015922"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54EB020406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54EB020406"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010DK\u2010116858"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010DK\u2010116858"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH094343"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH094343"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RC2MH089924"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC2MH089924"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RC2MH089983"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC2MH089983"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hippocampus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Childhood obesity is associated with negative physiological and cognitive health outcomes. The hippocampus is a diverse subcortical structure involved in learned feeding behaviors and energy regulation, and research has shown that the hippocampus is vulnerable to the effects of excess adiposity. Previous studies have demonstrated reduced hippocampal volume in overweight and obese children; however, it is unclear if certain subregions are selectively affected. The purpose of this study was to determine how excess body weight influences regional hippocampal surface morphology and memory performance in a large cross\u2010sectional cohort of 588 children and adolescents between 8.33 and 19.92\u2009years of age using body mass index expressed as a percentage of the 95th percentile cutoff (%BMIp95). We demonstrate %BMIp95 is associated with reduced radial thickness in the superior anterior region of the left hippocampus, and this relationship is predominantly driven by children younger than 14\u2009years. We also found %BMIp95 was associated with worse performance on a spatial episodic memory task and this relationship was partially mediated by the radial thickness of the significant shape cluster. These results demonstrate the differential influence of excess body weight on regional hippocampal structure and hippocampal\u2010dependent behavior in children and adolescents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.23280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T09:01:41Z","timestamp":1605085301000},"page":"189-200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["The effect of body mass index on hippocampal morphology and memory performance in late childhood and adolescence"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3976-5783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsten M.","family":"Lynch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI) USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen A.","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonggang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI) USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anny H.","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur W.","family":"Toga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI) USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristi A.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17477160600913552"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2006.05.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"Recent advances in the relationship between obesity, inflammationa and insulin resistance","volume":"17","author":"Bastard J.\u2010P.","year":"2006","journal-title":"European Cytokine Network"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.241"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jim-2018-000722"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/22.1.59"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0406344101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1018031263"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2011.00927.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019).A SAS Program for the 2000 CDC Growth Charts. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nccdphp\/dnpao\/growthcharts\/resources\/sas.htm"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.08.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2017.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17470218.2015.1099163"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-6310.2012.00064.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7244.1240"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-1047(93)90925-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2005.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2007.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-33603-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200x.2004.01882.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2008.582"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-1072"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21782"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0193(1997)5:2<133::AID-HBM7>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"issue":"2019","key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","first-page":"146696","article-title":"The anterior hippocampus is associated with spatial memory encoding","volume":"2020","author":"Fritch H. A.","year":"1732","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19960304)366:2<223::AID-CNE3>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.12.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db15-0596"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2017.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2009.11.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1813"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2015.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67483-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.04.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1004243107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157339508784325046"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Postnatal development of the human hippocampal formation. Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell","volume":"206","author":"Insausti R.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/147683008X301333"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0125-16.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2012.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2010.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2007.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","first-page":"207","article-title":"The effects of a high\u2010energy diet on hippocampal function and blood\u2010brain barrier integrity in the rat","volume":"21","author":"Kanoski S. E.","year":"2010","journal-title":"IOS Press"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22333"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3182a5cfb3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-2329D"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"2000 CDC growth charts for the United States: Methods and development","volume":"246","author":"Kuczmarski R. J.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat 11"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12576-018-0612-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhy244"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2017.00225","article-title":"Loss of leptin\u2010induced modulation of hippocampal synaptic transmission and signal transduction in high\u2010fat diet\u2010fed mice","volume":"11","author":"Mainardi M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0221995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a006239"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22841"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2017.130"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04847-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(02)00123-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2017.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.732"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Changes in terminology for childhood overweight and obesity","volume":"25","author":"Ogden C. L.","year":"2010","journal-title":"National Health Statistics Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.02.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2019.100727"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0205331"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.12.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2013.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-016-9638-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.03.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.07.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_78_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Anisotropic Laplace\u2010Beltrami eigenmaps: Bridging reed graphs and skeletons","volume":"2008","author":"Shi Y.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2010.2057441"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2014.2313812"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_81_1","first-page":"467","article-title":"Inverse\u2010consistent surface mapping with Laplace\u2010Beltrami Eigen\u2010features","volume":"21","author":"Shi Y.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Computer Vision and Image"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1817391116"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_84_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Brain insulin resistance and hippocampal plasticity: Mechanisms and biomarkers of cognitive decline","volume":"10","author":"Spinelli M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3785"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.03.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v059.i05"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2010.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2017.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22825"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00346-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.119.5.1389"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.12.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0193(1999)8:2\/3<98::AID-HBM5>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1992.127"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.119.315896"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20801"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.01.004"}],"container-title":["Hippocampus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hipo.23280","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hipo.23280","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hipo.23280","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T11:57:33Z","timestamp":1693742253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hipo.23280"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hipo.23280"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hipo.23280","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-9631","1098-1063"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-9631","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-1063","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-04-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}