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After confirming our earlier report that the signaling molecule \u03b2\u2010arrestin\u20102 (\u03b2\u2010Arr2) is required for the antidepressant\u2010like effects of fluoxetine, we found that the effects of fluoxetine on proliferation of neural progenitors and survival of adult\u2010born granule cells are absent in the \u03b2\u2010Arr2 knockout (KO) mice. To our surprise, fluoxetine induced a dramatic upregulation of the number of doublecortin (DCX)\u2010expressing cells in the \u03b2\u2010Arr2 KO mice, indicating that this marker can be increased even though AHN is not. We discovered two other conditions where a complex relationship occurs between the number of DCX\u2010expressing cells compared to levels of AHN: a chronic antidepressant model where DCX is upregulated and an inflammation model where DCX is downregulated. We concluded that assessing the number of DCX\u2010expressing cells alone to quantify levels of AHN can be complex and that caution should be applied when label retention techniques are unavailable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.23568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,8]],"date-time":"2023-07-08T09:56:27Z","timestamp":1688810187000},"page":"1075-1093","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A complex relation between levels of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and expression of the immature neuron marker doublecortin"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9759-0833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Indira","family":"Mendez\u2010David","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Saclay, UVSQ, Centre de recherche en Epid\u00e9miologie et Sant\u00e9 des Populations (CESP), UMR 1018, CESP\u2010Inserm, Team 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