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A prominent candidate mechanism supporting navigational decision making is hippocampal theta sequences\u2014brief (~120\u2009ms) place\u2010cell sequences representing future trajectories\u2014which have been interpreted as planning signals based on their alternation between maze arms in T\u2010maze tasks. However, recent work suggests that intrinsic left\u2013right alternation in medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) theta sequences may underlie this phenomenon. Here, we test this hypothesis using a model of MEC theta dynamics in a T\u2010maze and show that standard Bayesian decoding yields hippocampal theta sequences that alternate between arms. We then analyzed existing simultaneous MEC\u2010hippocampal recordings from Vollan et\u00a0al. (2025). We found tight coupling between MEC and hippocampus, along with coordinated left\u2013right alternation, while the animal was performing an alternation task. Notably, this conjoint alternation occurs not only at choice points but also during inbound and forced\u2010turn trials. These findings suggest that left\u2013right alternation in hippocampal theta sequences is a ubiquitous phenomenon driven by MEC dynamics, challenging the interpretation that these specifically reflect intentional decision\u2010making or planning processes only.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.70131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T02:46:55Z","timestamp":1789786015000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Decoding Medial Entorhinal Cortical Dynamics Produces Planning\u2010Like Alternations in Hippocampal theta Sequences"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4069-047X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahiro","family":"Nakano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6718-0649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caswell","family":"Barry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Developmental Biology University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Clopath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2006.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(80)90160-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2602"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.23136"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3383"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf0784"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20327"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3304"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.87055"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2021.0336"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Comrie A. 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