{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T06:45:13Z","timestamp":1792046713005,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009408","name":"Fondation Brain Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009408","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000245","name":"Michael Smith Health Research BC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008002","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012479","name":"Weston Brain Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012479","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hippocampus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Electroconvulsive therapy (\n ECT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is a highly effective treatment for depression but it has undesirable side effects on various aspects of cognition, including memory. Patients may display retrograde amnesia for autobiographical events and anterograde amnesia in tests of recall and recognition memory. These amnestic effects are likely to depend, at least in part, on changes in the hippocampus.\n ECT<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010induced volume increases in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus subregion in particular correlate with the cognitive deficits. However, the precise cellular and behavioral effects of\n ECT<\/jats:styled-content>\n remain poorly understood. Here, we therefore subjected male and female mice to chronic electroconvulsive shock (\n ECS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and examined effects on hippocampal physiology and memory. Perforant path inputs onto dentate gyrus neurons were examined using whole cell patch clamp recordings in hippocampal slices. In the intact slice, perforant path stimulation did not result in any synaptic or spiking differences in mice given sham versus\n ECS<\/jats:styled-content>\n treatments. However,\n \n GABA\n A<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n blockade increased\n EPSPs<\/jats:styled-content>\n and spiking in sham, but not\n ECS<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010treated, mice. Voltage clamp recordings further revealed weaker perforant path excitation of dentate gyrus neurons in\n ECS<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010treated mice. Extrapolating these findings to the intact animal, we then used Fos expression as a proxy for neural activity and found that\n ECS<\/jats:styled-content>\n blunted exploration\u2010induced hippocampal activation, which was most pronounced in the dentate gyrus. Finally, recognition memory tasks revealed that\n ECS<\/jats:styled-content>\n impaired memory for object\u2010context associations but not memory for objects or locations. Collectively, these experiments reveal that a clinically relevant schedule of\n ECS<\/jats:styled-content>\n disrupts synaptic and circuit functions of the hippocampus and causes anterograde amnesia in a test of episodic\u2010like associative memory.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.70142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T06:02:48Z","timestamp":1792044168000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chronic Electroconvulsive Shock Disrupts Hippocampal Physiology and Impairs Associative Memory in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"T. R.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. P.","family":"Vyleta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Schwein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Askari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7632-0324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. B.","family":"Cooke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Vila\u2010Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Non\u2010Invasive Neurostimulation Therapies Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5509-0272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. S.","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01641-y","article-title":"ECT\u2010Induced Cognitive Side Effects Are Associated With Hippocampal Enlargement","volume":"11","author":"Argyelan M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Translational Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0323230","article-title":"A Mouse Model of Early Sporadic Tau Pathology Induces Neurogenic Plasticity in the Hippocampus","volume":"20","author":"Ash A. M.","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1152882","article-title":"Pattern Separation in the Human Hippocampal CA3 and Dentate Gyrus","volume":"319","author":"Bakker A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2013.09.027","article-title":"BDNF in the Dentate Gyrus Is Required for Consolidation of \u201cPattern\u2010Separated\u201d Memories","volume":"5","author":"Bekinschtein P.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22304","article-title":"Brain\u2010Derived Neurotrophic Factor Interacts With Adult\u2010Born Immature Cells in the Dentate Gyrus During Consolidation of Overlapping Memories","volume":"24","author":"Bekinschtein P.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.12.144","article-title":"Sex\u2010Specifics of ECT Outcome","volume":"326","author":"Blanken M. A. J. T.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1973.sp010273","article-title":"Long\u2010Lasting Potentiation of Synaptic Transmission in the Dentate Area of the Anaesthetized Rabbit Following Stimulation of the Perforant Path","volume":"232","author":"Bliss T. V.","year":"1973","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22547","article-title":"The Medial Prefrontal Cortex\u2010Lateral Entorhinal Cortex Circuit Is Essential for Episodic\u2010Like Memory and Associative Object\u2010Recognition","volume":"26","author":"Chao O. Y.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S163756","article-title":"Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Are Associated With Electroconvulsive Shock\u2010Induced Learning and Memory Impairment in Rats With Depression\u2010Like Behavior","volume":"14","author":"Chen Q.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-026-02240-0","article-title":"The Dentate Gyrus Efficiently Converges LEC and MEC Inputs Into Multimodal, Highly Specific and Reliable Environmental Representations","volume":"29","author":"Cholvin T.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8853","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-23-08853.2000","article-title":"Impaired Recognition Memory in Rats After Damage to the Hippocampus","volume":"20","author":"Clark R. E.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(95)00262-F","article-title":"Seizure Threshold in Electroconvulsive Therapy: I. Initial Seizure Threshold","volume":"37","author":"Coffey C. E.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(07)63014-3","article-title":"Functional Regulation of the Dentate Gyrus by GABA\u2010Mediated Inhibition","volume":"163","author":"Coulter D. A.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Progress in Brain Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1192\/pb.25.6.215","article-title":"Audit of an Electroconvulsive Therapy Clinic's Missed\u2010Fit Rate","volume":"25","author":"Davies R. H.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychiatric Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-023-01677-2","article-title":"How Electroconvulsive Therapy Works in the Treatment of Depression: Is It the Seizure, the Electricity, or Both?","volume":"49","author":"Deng Z.\u2010D.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2007.01.005","article-title":"The Pharmacology, Neuroanatomy and Neurogenetics of One\u2010Trial Object Recognition in Rodents","volume":"31","author":"Dere E.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.30.051606.094328","article-title":"The Medial Temporal Lobe and Recognition Memory","volume":"30","author":"Eichenbaum H.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annual Review of Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12597","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1854-10.2010","article-title":"Frequency\u2010Tuned Distribution of Inhibition in the Dentate Gyrus","volume":"30","author":"Ewell L. A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience\u2009: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709991243","article-title":"Using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) to Assess the Cognitive Impact of Electroconvulsive Therapy on Visual and Visuospatial Memory","volume":"40","author":"Falconer D. W.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2985","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714000658","article-title":"Detecting Objective and Subjective Cognitive Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy: Intensity, Duration and Test Utility in a Large Clinical Sample","volume":"44","author":"Fernie G.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2020.10.008","article-title":"Sex Differences in the Antidepressant\u2010Like Potential of Repeated Electroconvulsive Seizures in Adolescent and Adult Rats: Regulation of the Early Stages of Hippocampal Neurogenesis","volume":"41","author":"Garc\u00eda\u2010Cabrerizo R.","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2020.110048","article-title":"Volume of Hippocampal Subregions and Clinical Improvement Following Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients With Depression","volume":"104","author":"Gbyl K.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Progress in Neuro\u2010Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13259","article-title":"Hippocampal Volume and Memory Impairment After Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients With Depression","volume":"143","author":"Gbyl K.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.09.015","article-title":"Site\u2010Specific Antidepressant Effects of Repeated Subconvulsive Electrical Stimulation: Potential Role of Brain\u2010Derived Neurotrophic Factor","volume":"67","author":"Gersner R.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.12.026","article-title":"Spatial Representations of Granule Cells and Mossy Cells of the Dentate Gyrus","volume":"93","author":"GoodSmith D.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12705-5","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Depressive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"361","author":"Group TUER","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1038\/264562a0","article-title":"Reversible Loss of Hippocampal Long Term Potentiation Following Electroconvulsive Seizures","volume":"264","author":"Hesse G. W.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-017-0288-9","article-title":"Rapid and Stable Changes in Maturation\u2010Related Phenotypes of the Adult Hippocampal Neurons by Electroconvulsive Treatment","volume":"10","author":"Imoto Y.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Molecular Brain"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2014.11.004","article-title":"Role of the Dentate Gyrus in Mediating Object\u2010Spatial Configuration Recognition","volume":"118","author":"Kesner R. P.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018472","article-title":"Ascl1 (Mash1) Defines Cells With Long\u2010Term Neurogenic Potential in Subgranular and Subventricular Zones in Adult Mouse Brain","volume":"6","author":"Kim E. J.","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.114.158261","article-title":"Evaluation of Cumulative Cognitive Deficits From Electroconvulsive Therapy","volume":"208","author":"Kirov G. G.","year":"2016","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2012.06.011","article-title":"Pattern Separation Deficits Following Damage to the Hippocampus","volume":"50","author":"Kirwan C. B.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1614.2003.01108.x","article-title":"The Subjective Experience of Patients Who Received Electroconvulsive Therapy","volume":"37","author":"Koopowitz L. F.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000723","article-title":"Current Practices of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis of Short and Long\u2010Term Cognitive Effects","volume":"37","author":"Landry M.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of ECT"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20714","article-title":"Associative Recognition and the Hippocampus: Differential Effects of Hippocampal Lesions on Object\u2010Place, Object\u2010Context and Object\u2010Place\u2010Context Memory","volume":"20","author":"Langston R. F.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.993449","article-title":"Peripheral Proteomic Changes After Electroconvulsive Seizures in a Rodent Model of Non\u2010Response to Chronic Fluoxetine","volume":"13","author":"Lebeau R. H.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyad047","article-title":"Aromatase Inhibition and Electroconvulsive Seizures in Adolescent Rats: Antidepressant and Long\u2010Term Cognitive Sex Differences","volume":"26","author":"Ledesma\u2010Corvi S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2023.1275783","article-title":"Electroconvulsive Seizures Regulate Various Stages of Hippocampal Cell Genesis and mBDNF at Different Times After Treatment in Adolescent and Adult Rats of Both Sexes","volume":"16","author":"Ledesma\u2010Corvi S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2007.06.006","article-title":"Electrolytic Lesions of Dorsal CA3 Impair Episodic\u2010Like Memory in Rats","volume":"89","author":"Li J.\u2010S.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.6.581","article-title":"The Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy on Memory of Autobiographical and Public Events","volume":"57","author":"Lisanby S. H.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat8789","article-title":"Adult\u2010Born Hippocampal Neurons Bidirectionally Modulate Entorhinal Inputs Into the Dentate Gyrus","volume":"364","author":"Luna V. M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1006932","article-title":"Temporal Pattern Separation in Hippocampal Neurons Through Multiplexed Neural Codes","volume":"15","author":"Madar A. D.","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Computational Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2467","article-title":"A Robust and High\u2010Throughput Cre Reporting and Characterization System for the Whole Mouse Brain","volume":"13","author":"Madisen L.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)00228-6","article-title":"Increased Neurogenesis in a Model of Electroconvulsive Therapy","volume":"47","author":"Madsen T. M.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9104","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-24-09104.2000","article-title":"Chronic Antidepressant Treatment Increases Neurogenesis in Adult Rat Hippocampus","volume":"20","author":"Malberg J. E.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1214956","article-title":"Unique Processing During a Period of High Excitation\/Inhibition Balance in Adult\u2010Born Neurons","volume":"335","author":"Mar\u00edn\u2010Burgin A.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0209-y","article-title":"DeepLabCut: Markerless Pose Estimation of User\u2010Defined Body Parts With Deep Learning","volume":"21","author":"Mathis A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01176-5","article-title":"Adult\u2010Born Dentate Granule Cells Promote Hippocampal Population Sparsity","volume":"25","author":"McHugh S. B.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.02.007","article-title":"Excitability Mediates Allocation of Pre\u2010Configured Ensembles to a Hippocampal Engram Supporting Contextual Conditioned Threat in Mice","volume":"112","author":"Mocle A. J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5385.2038","article-title":"Impaired Spatial Learning After Saturation of Long\u2010Term Potentiation","volume":"281","author":"Moser E. I.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.41302","article-title":"Hippocampal Damage and Exploratory Preferences in Rats: Memory for Objects, Places, and Contexts","volume":"9","author":"Mumby D. G.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Learning & Memory"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0392-6","article-title":"Volume Increase in the Dentate Gyrus After Electroconvulsive Therapy in Depressed Patients as Measured With 7T","volume":"25","author":"Nuninga J. O.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecular Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4894","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0237-07.2007","article-title":"Antidepressant\u2010Induced Neurogenesis in the Hippocampus of Adult Nonhuman Primates","volume":"27","author":"Perera T. D.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.01.039","article-title":"Functional Imbalance of Anterolateral Entorhinal Cortex and Hippocampal Dentate\/CA3 Underlies Age\u2010Related Object Pattern Separation Deficits","volume":"97","author":"Reagh Z. M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.5.425","article-title":"A Prospective, Randomized, Double\u2010Blind Comparison of Bilateral and Right Unilateral Electroconvulsive Therapy at Different Stimulus Intensities","volume":"57","author":"Sackeim H. A.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301180","article-title":"The Cognitive Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Community Settings","volume":"32","author":"Sackeim H. A.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-026-02345-x","article-title":"Effects of Electroconvulsive Shock on the Function, Circuitry, and Transcriptome of Dentate Gyrus Granule Neurons","volume":"51","author":"Santiago A. N.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1038\/nn2016","article-title":"Recognition Memory: Opposite Effects of Hippocampal Damage on Recollection and Familiarity","volume":"11","author":"Sauvage M. M.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197869","article-title":"Intact Memory for Local and Distal Cues in Male and Female Rats That Lack Adult Neurogenesis","volume":"13","author":"Seib D. R.","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.06.009","article-title":"Objective Cognitive Performance Associated With Electroconvulsive Therapy for Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"68","author":"Semkovska M.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20525","article-title":"Anatomical Gradients of Adult Neurogenesis and Activity: Young Neurons in the Ventral Dentate Gyrus Are Activated by Water Maze Training","volume":"19","author":"Snyder J. S.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.125.5.490","article-title":"Diminution of Anterograde Amnesia Following Electroconvulsive Therapy","volume":"125","author":"Squire L. R.","year":"1974","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1109228","article-title":"Retrograde Amnesia: Temporal Gradient in Very Long Term Memory Following Electroconvulsive Therapy","volume":"187","author":"Squire L. R.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(86)90266-0","article-title":"Effects of Depression and ECT on Anterograde Memory","volume":"21","author":"Steif B. L.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199405000-00006","article-title":"LTP\u2010Like Synaptic Efficacy Changes Following Electroconvulsive Stimulation","volume":"5","author":"Stewart C.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050045","article-title":"Repeated ECS and Fluoxetine Administration Have Equivalent Effects on Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity","volume":"148","author":"Stewart C. A.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181ca33a1","article-title":"Isoflurane Does Not Affect Brain Cell Death, Hippocampal Neurogenesis, or Long\u2010Term Neurocognitive Outcome in Aged Rats","volume":"112","author":"Stratmann G.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e57","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000630","article-title":"Volume Increase of the Dentate Gyrus Induced by Electroconvulsive Therapy: Shedding Light on the Clinical Relevance of Plasticity in the Hippocampus","volume":"35","author":"Takamiya A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of ECT"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14691","article-title":"The Effect of Electroconvulsive Seizure on Survival, Neuronal Differentiation, and Expression of the Maturation Marker in the Adult Mouse Hippocampus","volume":"149","author":"Ueno M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000483","article-title":"Decreased Cognitive Functioning After Electroconvulsive Therapy Is Related to Increased Hippocampal Volume","volume":"34","author":"Oostrom I.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of ECT"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0253642","article-title":"Prolonged Development of Long\u2010Term Potentiation at Lateral Entorhinal Cortex Synapses Onto Adult\u2010Born Neurons","volume":"16","author":"Vyleta N. P.","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22095","article-title":"Lateral Entorhinal Cortex Is Critical for Novel Object\u2010Context Recognition","volume":"23","author":"Wilson D. I. G.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22165","article-title":"Lateral Entorhinal Cortex Is Necessary for Associative but Not Nonassociative Recognition Memory","volume":"23","author":"Wilson D. I. G.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15891","article-title":"Intermittent Theta Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Induces Hippocampal Mossy Fibre Plasticity in Male but Not Female Mice","volume":"57","author":"Zhang T. R.","year":"2023","journal-title":"European Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.70492","article-title":"Electroconvulsive Shock Induces Greater Plasticity of Dentate Gyrus Neurons Born in Adulthood Than Those Born in Development","volume":"63","author":"Zhang T. R.","year":"2026","journal-title":"European Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10082090","article-title":"Electroconvulsive Shock, but Not Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Transiently Elevates Cell Proliferation in the Adult Mouse Hippocampus","volume":"10","author":"Zhang T. R.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-21-3690","article-title":"Effects of N\u2010Methyl\u2010D\u2010Aspartate Receptor (NMDAR) and Ca2+\/Calmodulin\u2010Dependent Protein Kinase II\u03b1 (CaMKII\u03b1) on Learning and Memory Impairment in Depressed Rats With Different Charge by Modified Electroconvulsive Shock","volume":"9","author":"Zhang Y.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annals of Translational Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2009.274","article-title":"Isoflurane Anesthesia Induced Persistent, Progressive Memory Impairment, Caused a Loss of Neural Stem Cells, and Reduced Neurogenesis in Young, but Not Adult, Rodents","volume":"30","author":"Zhu C.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism"}],"container-title":["Hippocampus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hipo.70142","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hipo.70142","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hipo.70142","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T06:03:00Z","timestamp":1792044180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hipo.70142"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hipo.70142"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hipo.70142","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-9631","1098-1063"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-9631","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-1063","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-11-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70142"}}