{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T02:16:10Z","timestamp":1790129770878,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,14]],"date-time":"2011-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1315958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hematological Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Angiogenesis is a complex process essential for the growth, invasion, and metastasis of various malignant tumours, including multiple myeloma (MM). Various angiogenic cytokines have been implicated in the angiogenic process. Among them, platelet\u2010derived growth factor\u2010AB (PDGF\u2010AB) has been reported to be a potent stimulator of angiogenesis in many solid tumours and haematological malignancies, including MM. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between PDGF\u2010AB, microvascular density (MVD), and various angiogenic cytokines, such as basic fibroblast growth factor (b\u2010FGF), angiogenin (ANG), and interleukin\u20106 (IL\u20106), in MM patients. Forty\u2010seven MM patients before treatment, 22 of whom were in plateau phase, were studied. We determined the serum levels of the aforementioned cytokines and MVD in bone marrow biopsies before and after treatment. Mean serum values of PDGF\u2010AB, b\u2010FGF, ANG, and MVD were significantly higher in patients compared with controls and with increasing disease stage. Significant positive correlations were observed between serum PDGF\u2010AB, ANG, and IL\u20106 levels and MVD. Furthermore, we found significant positive correlations between PDGF\u2010AB and b\u2010FGF, IL\u20106, ANG, and \u03b22 microglobulin. We also found that patients with high MVD had statistically significantly higher serum levels of PDGF\u2010AB when a median MVD value of 7.7 was used as the cutoff point. Furthermore, a significant difference was found in serum levels of PDGF\u2010AB between pre\u2010 and post\u2010treatment patients. Finally, survival time was significantly higher in the low MVD group versus the high MVD group (76 vs 51\u2009months). Our results showed that there is a strong positive correlation between PDGF\u2010AB and the studied angiogenic cytokines and MVD. It seems that PDGF\u2010AB plays a role in the complex network of cytokines inducing bone marrow neovascularization in patients with MM. Copyright \u00a9 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.1014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,14]],"date-time":"2011-09-14T13:37:09Z","timestamp":1316007429000},"page":"131-136","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Role of platelet\u2010derived growth factor\u2010AB in tumour growth and angiogenesis in relation with other angiogenic cytokines in multiple myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"George","family":"Tsirakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology University Hospital of Heraklion  Crete Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantina A.","family":"Pappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Venizelion General Hospital Heraklion  Crete Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peggy","family":"Kanellou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology 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