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However, studies using cladribine in other indications have reported the potential for prolonged hematological side effects and secondary hematologic and non\u2010hematologic malignancies. To date, there have been no data on long\u2010term effects of cladribine in MALT lymphoma patients. We have analyzed a large number of 49 patients treated with cladribine at our institution 1997\u20132011. All patients were treated within clinical trials and had undergone a standardized follow\u2010up protocol minimizing a potential bias in the detection of late sequels and relapses. After a median follow\u2010up time of 61\u2009months (interquartile range: 43\u201372) for 49 analyzed patients, 35 (71%) are alive, while 14 (29%) have died. In the entire collective, three cases (6%) of prolonged pancytopenia including manifest myelodysplastic syndrome in one patient (2%), three cases (6%) of secondary lymphoid malignancies, and five cases (10%) of non\u2010hematologic cancers were documented. In terms of outcome, 42\/49 (86%) patients responded to cladribine\u2010containing treatment, and only 10\/42 (24%) responding patients needed further treatment after a median time to progression of 14\u2009months (interquartile range, 8\u201334). Currently, 25\/35 (71%) patients being alive are in ongoing complete remission and 2\/35 (6%) in ongoing stable disease, respectively. Eight patients (23%) are free of lymphoma after second\u2010line therapy, with the median overall survival not having been reached. Our data suggest that cladribine might be safely applied in patients with MALT lymphoma, also in terms of long\u2010term toxicities. These data also confirm the potential of cladribine to induce durable remissions. Copyright \u00a9 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.2271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,18]],"date-time":"2015-11-18T15:56:39Z","timestamp":1447862199000},"page":"177-186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Long\u2010term safety and activity of cladribine in patients with extranodal B\u2010cell marginal zone lymphoma of the mucosa\u2010associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"Kiesewetter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Werner","family":"Dolak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III Clinical Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medical University of Vienna  Vienna 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