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Whether zanubrutinib, a second\u2010generation selective BTK inhibitor, has similar effects as ibrutinib remains to be determined. Dynamics of number and immunophenotype of immune cells during zanubrutinib treatment in 25 R\/R CLL\/SLL patients were examined by flow cytometry and blood routine tests. The expression intensity of programmed death\u20101 (PD\u20101) on total CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .01), total CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .01), and T helper cells (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .05) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte\u2010associated antigen\u20104 (CTLA\u20104) on total CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .010) and regulatory T cells (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .05) reduced after treatment. There were significant differences in expression intensity of CD19 (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .01), C\u2010X\u2010C chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5) (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .01), and CD49d (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .05) on B cells before and after treatment. Downregulation of PD\u20101 on T cells and CXCR5 and CD19 on B cells were observed in nearly all patients after zanubrutinib treatment. Programmed death\u2010ligand 1 expression downregulated, especially in the female, CLL, normal spleen, normal \u03b22\u2010macroglobulin (\u03b22\u2010MG) and abnormal lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) subgroups, and CTLA\u20104 expression on CD4+ T cells tended to decrease in the male, old, CLL, splenomegaly, abnormal \u03b22\u2010MG, normal LDH,\n                    <jats:italic>IGHV<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010mutated and wild\u2010type\n                    <jats:italic>tumor protein 53<\/jats:italic>\n                    subgroups after zanubrutinib treatment. These findings suggest that zanubrutinib can regulate immunity primarily by improving T cell exhaustion, inhibiting suppressor cells and disrupting CLL cells migration through downregulation of adhesion\/homing receptors. Furthermore, favorable changes in cell number and immunophenotype were preferably observed in patients without adverse prognostic factors.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.2667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]],"date-time":"2019-08-16T23:59:07Z","timestamp":1565999947000},"page":"392-400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["The impacts of zanubrutinib on immune cells in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia\/small lymphocytic lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0667-0833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi\u2010Xin","family":"Zou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Province Hospital  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Medical 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 Nanjing China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si\u2010Shu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Province Hospital  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Jie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Province Hospital  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Medical University  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