{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:07:50Z","timestamp":1761894470937},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1172793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4808,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hematological Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Purpose: Primary mediastinal large cell lymphoma PMLCL is a recently described entity which has provoked considerable interest lately. The unique immunophenotype of the malignant cell, as well as conflicting reports regarding its response to therapy, prompted us to review the current literature focusing on the pathological and clinical aspects of this disease.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Design: We reviewed the current literature that contained details on the clinical presentation, pathological profile and clinical outcome.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results: Most reports agree that PMLCL typically affects a young female population and presents with symptoms related to compression of mediastinal structures. Pathologically, the malignant cells may arise from a distinctive thymic medullary B cell subpopulation which is characterized by the following phenotype: CD19+, CD21 \u2013, CD20+, CD22+. Alterations of c\u2010myc and lack of expression of HLA class 1 antigens on the tumour cell surface have been described. Response to treatment and clinical outcome have varied from one series to another and is possibly explained by the small number of patients in most series and by the heterogeneity of therapy. In general, the outcome does not appear to be worse than that of other large cell lymphomas although, given the young age of these patients, it might be expected to be more favourable.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusions: Primary mediastinal large cell lymphoma is a distinct clinico\u2010pathological entity characterized by: (1) a predominance of young adults; (2) female predominance (female\/male ratio of 2:1) in contrast to the other large cell lymphomas; (3) CD19+\/CD21 \u2013 immunophenotype; (4) absence of HLA\u2010class 1 antigen expression; (5) possible involvement of c\u2010myc; (6) frequent dissemination at relapse to unusual anatomic sites in a pattern reminiscent of Burkitt's lymphoma.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The role of radiotherapy and the optimal treatment for this disorder are issues that remain unresolved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.2900120404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,19]],"date-time":"2007-02-19T17:58:52Z","timestamp":1171907932000},"page":"175-184","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Primary mediastinal large cell lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jose","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William C.","family":"Pugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge E.","family":"Romaguera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Cabanillas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.annonc.a057846","article-title":"Sclerosing B\u2010cell lymphomas of the mediastinum: Entity or non\u2010entity?","volume":"2","author":"Lister T. A.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1986.tb02491.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19910515)67:10<2579::AID-CNCR2820671030>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"2","article-title":"Mediastinal lymphoma","volume":"8","author":"Sticker J. G.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Sem. Diagn. Path."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19810215)47:4<748::AID-CNCR2820470420>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19821201)50:11<2486::AID-CNCR2820501138>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198909000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19881101)62:9<1893::AID-CNCR2820620904>3.0.CO;2-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198603000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(80)90294-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19820715)50:2<277::AID-CNCR2820500218>3.0.CO;2-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V78.3.780.780","article-title":"Evidence of c\u2010myc gene abnormalities in the mediastinal large B\u2010cell lymphoma of young adult age","volume":"78","author":"Scarpa A.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19820515)49:10<2112::AID-CNCR2820491024>3.0.CO;2-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V69.4.1087.1087","article-title":"Mediastinal lymphoma of clear cell type is a tumor corresponding to terminal steps of B\u2010cell differentiation","volume":"69","author":"M\u00f6ller P.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.annonc.a057853","article-title":"Stage II large B\u2010cell lymphomas with sclerosis treated with MACOP\u2010B","volume":"2","author":"Bertini M.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19820415)49:8<1636::AID-CNCR2820490818>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197204)29:4<946::AID-CNCR2820290441>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197801)41:1<303::AID-CNCR2820410142>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1986.tb02513.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/74.3.360"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19850501)55:9<1913::AID-CNCR2820550914>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00705408"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19850501)55:9<1913::AID-CNCR2820550914>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1986.tb02512.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isaacson P. G. Norton A. J. Addis B. J. The human thymus contains a novel population of B lymphocytes.Lancet1987 1488\u20131490.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)92622-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02899570"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00750725"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","first-page":"281","article-title":"Primary large cell lymphomas of the mediastinum: An analysis of 20 cCases","volume":"2","author":"Waldron J. A.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Sem. Diag. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/83.6.676"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V57.4.802.802","article-title":"Altered expression of histocompatibility antigens on \u2018B\u2019 large cell lymphomas","volume":"57","author":"Woda B. A.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711450206"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","first-page":"24A","article-title":"Primary large\u2010cell lymphoma of the thymus. A diffuse B\u2010cell neoplasm presenting as primary mediastinal lymphoma","volume":"3","author":"Davis E.","year":"1900","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","first-page":"371","article-title":"B\u2010cell lymphoma of probable thymic origin: Case report","volume":"18","author":"Kataoka T.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1986.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.9.2984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3685977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V69.1.97.97","article-title":"Cytogenetic and histologic correlations in maglinant lymphoma","volume":"69","author":"Koduru P. R. K.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6401867"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V72.2.667.667","article-title":"Frequent c\u2010myc oncogene activation and infrequent presence of Epstein\u2010Barr genome in AIDS\u2010associated lymphoma","volume":"2","author":"Subar M.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198607000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_2","first-page":"508","article-title":"An evaluation of the utility of anti\u2010granulocyte and anti\u2010leukocyte antibodies in the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease","volume":"123","author":"Dorfman R. F.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197608)38:2<964::AID-CNCR2820380248>3.0.CO;2-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19811201)48:11<2347::AID-CNCR2820481102>3.0.CO;2-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198207000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2292","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1993.11.12.2291","article-title":"Primary large\u2010cell lymphoma of the mediastinum","volume":"11","author":"Aisenberg A. C.","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1986.4.2.154","article-title":"Mediastinal nonlymphoblastic lymphomas in children: A clinicopathologic study","volume":"4","author":"Bunin N. J.","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1990.8.5.804"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1993.11.7.1336"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1993.11.12.2306"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1994.111"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000421-198910000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1984.2.4.260","article-title":"Clinical features and results of management of superior vena cava syndrome secondary to lymphoma","volume":"2","author":"Perez\u2010Soler R.","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."}],"container-title":["Hematological Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhon.2900120404","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hon.2900120404","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T01:50:39Z","timestamp":1698112239000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hon.2900120404"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hon.2900120404"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hon.2900120404","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-0232","1099-1069"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-0232","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1069","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]}}}