{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T18:53:08Z","timestamp":1789411988202,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31 CA247105\u201001A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31 CA247105\u201001A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R03 CA199383"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03 CA199383"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hematological Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Understanding the progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) to multiple myeloma (MM) is needed to identify patients who would benefit from closer clinical surveillance. Given that two of the defining criteria of MM are renal failure and anemia, we described the trajectories of creatinine (Cr) and hemoglobin (Hgb) over time in patients with a diagnosis of MGUS. Patients diagnosed with MGUS (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0424) were identified by a previously validated case\u2010finding algorithm using health claims and electronic health record data (2007\u20132015) and followed through 2018. Group\u2010based trajectory modeling identified patients with distinct laboratory value trajectories of Cr (mg\/dl) and Hgb (g\/dl). Most patients were non\u2010Hispanic White (97.6%) with a mean age of 75\u00a0years at MGUS diagnosis. Three multi\u2010trajectory groups were identified: (1)\n                    <jats:bold>Normal Cr\/Hgb<\/jats:bold>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0225; 53.1%)\u2014stable serum Cr levels and decreasing, normal Hgb levels; (2)\n                    <jats:bold>Normal Cr\/lower\u2010normal Hgb group<\/jats:bold>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0188; 44.3%)\u2014stable, slightly elevated levels of Cr and decreasing levels of Hgb; and (3)\n                    <jats:bold>High Cr\/borderline Hgb group<\/jats:bold>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a011; 2.6%)\u2014increased Cr levels and stable low levels of Hgb. Patients with MGUS in Group 2 were older than patients in other groups, and patients in group 3 had more comorbidities than participants in all other groups. Few patients developed MM during the study period. We were able to identify distinct biomarker trajectories in patients with MGUS over time. Future research should investigate how these trajectories may be related to the risk of progression to MM, including M\u2010protein levels.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.2992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,19]],"date-time":"2022-03-19T08:23:23Z","timestamp":1647678203000},"page":"409-416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Multi\u2010trajectory models of serum biomarkers among patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2376-7656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maira A.","family":"Casta\u00f1eda\u2010Avila","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School  Worcester Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate L.","family":"Lapane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School  Worcester Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharina D.","family":"Person","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School  Worcester Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhua","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meyers Health Care Institute, a Joint Endeavor of the University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Fallon Health, and Reliant Medical Group  Worcester Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerry","family":"Gurwitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meyers Health Care Institute, a Joint Endeavor of the University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Fallon Health, and Reliant Medical Group  Worcester Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Division of Geriatric Medicine University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School  Worcester Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen M.","family":"Mazor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meyers Health Care Institute, a Joint Endeavor of the University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Fallon Health, and Reliant Medical Group  Worcester Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Division of Geriatric Medicine University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School  Worcester Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mara M.","family":"Epstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meyers Health Care Institute, a Joint Endeavor of the University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Fallon Health, and Reliant Medical Group  Worcester Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Division of Geriatric Medicine University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School  Worcester Massachusetts 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