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Patients with extramedullary disease or secondary plasma cell leukemia often display high tumor cell proliferation and might therefore be susceptible to chemotherapy. While current regimens are often platinum\u2010based, we present single\u2010center data on 70 patients with RRMM who were treated with cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and dexamethasone (CED) after a median of four lines of therapy. An overall response rate of 52% was achieved after 1\u20136 cycles, with 23% of patients having a very good partial response. Comparable response rates and survival were observed in patients with extramedullary disease and high\u2010risk cytogenetics. Treatment resulted in non\u2010hematological \u00b0III\u2010IV adverse events in 31% of patients. No treatment\u2010related deaths occurred. The median progression\u2010free and overall survival were 6.2 and 10.9\u00a0months, respectively. 23% of patients were bridged to autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. In summary, CED is an effective treatment regimen for RRMM cases with a tolerable safety profile and suitable as bridging therapy to CAR T cell treatment and ASCT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.3123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,21]],"date-time":"2023-01-21T08:23:43Z","timestamp":1674289423000},"page":"453-462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cyclophosphamide etoposide dexamethasone as salvage and bridging therapy in relapsed refractory and extramedullary multiple myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1632-0167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Kauer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology, Oncology and Rheumatology University Hospital Heidelberg  Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU)  Heidelberg 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