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The current treatment landscape for multiple myeloma involves a combination of proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, monoclonal antibodies, and autologous stem cell transplantation, which have significantly improved survival outcomes in recent years. However, the disease remains challenging, particularly in relapsed and refractory cases. Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating new therapeutic options, including chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy, bispecific antibodies, antibody drug conjugate and novel agents like Cereblon E3 Ligase Modulatory Drugs. 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