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Substance\u2010related expectancies are associated with substance use and postsubstance use thoughts, feelings and behaviours. Expectancies held by specific cultural subgroups have rarely been investigated, particularly regarding a range of commonly used stimulants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>The Stimulant Expectancy Questionnaire for Men who have Sex with Men (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEQ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content>)<\/jats:italic> was initially generated through consumer panel and interviews regarding the most commonly used stimulants among <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content> in Australia (methamphetamine, amphetamines and ecstasy), with initial administration among 98 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content> to facilitate item reduction. A community sample of 427 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content> was used to validate the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEQ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content>, with exploratory factor analysis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EFA<\/jats:styled-content>; n\u00a0=\u00a0202) and confirmatory factor analysis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFA<\/jats:styled-content>; n\u00a0=\u00a0225).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EFA<\/jats:styled-content> revealed three distinct substance reinforcement domains (\u2018Enhanced sexual experience\u2019, \u2018Sexual communication and negotiation\u2019 and \u2018Cognitive impairment\u2019). The scale was associated with stimulant consumption patterns (including greater expectancies regarding sexual enhancement among methamphetamine users), and the factor structure, comprising a final form of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEQ<\/jats:styled-content>, was confirmed through <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEQ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content> represents a reliable measure of outcome expectancies related to the range of commonly used stimulants among Australian <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content>. Development of applied validation studies with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEQ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content> is a key next step in advancing health promotion, clinical interventions and research efforts to reduce harm (eg, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> transmission) associated with stimulant use (particularly methamphetamine) among <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>So what?<\/jats:title><jats:p>Objectives: This research maps expectancies specific among gay and men who have sex with men (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content>), and relationships between expectancies and stimulant use patterns and behaviours postuse \u2013 including sexual activity (eg, condomless anal sex).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hpja.271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,21]],"date-time":"2019-06-21T14:44:22Z","timestamp":1561128262000},"page":"309-319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Stimulant expectancy questionnaire for men who have sex with men: A measure of substance\u2010related beliefs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0939-9842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy B.","family":"Mullens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology &amp; 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