{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:22:28Z","timestamp":1787167348215,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1089104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1089104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Prom J of Aust"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Issue Addressed<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adolescent e\u2010cigarette use is increasing and is associated with subsequent smoking. This study examines potential protective factors associated with not vaping among First Nations adolescents in Australia to inform community programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The \u2018\n                      <jats:italic>Next Generation: Youth Wellbeing Study\u2019<\/jats:italic>\n                      is a cohort study of First Nations adolescents aged 10\u201324\u2009years from urban, rural and remote communities in Central Australia, Western Australia and New South Wales. Analysis of self\u2010reported vaping from 16 to 24\u2010year\u2010olds, collected 2018\u20132020, using multi\u2010level mixed\u2010effects Poisson regression to estimate age\u2010site\u2010adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) for never\u2010vaping in relation to various factors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 419 participants, 65% were female, 75% had never vaped, 49% had never smoked and 82% lived in smoke\u2010free homes. Never vaping was more common among those who had: never\u2010smoked (PR\u2009=\u20091.78, 95%CI: 1.56\u20132.04); never used cannabis (1.89, 1.60\u20132.24); non\u2010smoking friends (1.38, 1.26\u20131.51); good mental health (1.15, 1.01\u20131.30), never diagnosed with depression (1.21, 1.01\u20131.46) or anxiety (1.31, 1.08\u20131.57); and no experiences of racism (1.21, 1.08\u20131.36), no negative criminal justice system experiences (1.25, 1.11\u20131.41), or vicarious racism through negative media (1.24, 1.10\u20131.39).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most First Nations adolescents have never vaped, with potential protective factors being better mental health, no other substance use and fewer experiences of racism and justice system interactions. Comprehensive community adolescent prevention programs are needed to prevent vaping and protect future health, including preventing nicotine addiction and future smoking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>So What?<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Policies and programs must address e\u2010cigarettes directly as well as structural factors, promoting broader adolescent wellbeing, centring culture and family in a strengths\u2010based approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hpja.951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T04:29:18Z","timestamp":1738816158000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Protective Factors Against e\u2010Cigarette Use Among First Nations People Aged 16\u201324 in the Next Generation Youth Wellbeing 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