{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T05:48:26Z","timestamp":1789537706021,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,12]],"date-time":"2013-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1363046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Planning &amp; Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Typhoid fever causes millions of illnesses and hundreds of thousands of deaths yearly. Vaccinations would mitigate this problem, but the users would probably have to pay some or most of the cost. Several willingness\u2010to\u2010pay studies have assessed the effect of price on private demand to provide a basis for financial planning of campaigns, but the effect of travel distance, which is a potentially important determinant of demand, has not been studied. This paper thus has two objectives: (i) conduct a willingness\u2010to\u2010pay survey to assess the effects of distance, price and other variables on the private demand for typhoid vaccinations in a rural township of China where a campaign is under consideration; and (ii) embed the demand function in a mathematical model to address three planning questions; should each village have its own clinic, would one clinic be best or should the number of clinics be something in\u2010between? Private vaccine demand was found to depend on and be inelastic with respect to both price and travel distance. A 1\u2010km increase in distance caused the number of vaccinations demanded to decrease the same as a $0.5 increase in price. Thus, the marginal rate of substitution was $0.5 per km. A single clinic would be best for the township only if diseconomies of scale in supplying vaccinations exceeded the marginal rate of substitution. Otherwise, multiple clinics close to users would be optimal. Thus, deciding the number, location and capacities of clinics for vaccination planning is as important as deciding what price(s) to charge. Copyright \u00a9 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hpm.2172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,13]],"date-time":"2013-03-13T23:52:28Z","timestamp":1363218748000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effect of travel distance on household demand for typhoid vaccines: implications for planning"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Dohyeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economic, Political and Policy Sciences University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson  Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald T.","family":"Lauria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Poulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Triangle Institute  Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baiqing","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention  Nanning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dale","family":"Whittington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Manchester Business School University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.06.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/260342"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/451558"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(99)00275-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","unstructured":"AngelesG StewartJF GaeteR ManciniD TrujilloA FowlerCI.1999.Health care decentralization in Paraguay: evaluation of impact on cost efficiency basic quality and equity: baseline report. 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