{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T05:29:27Z","timestamp":1785475767308,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,25]],"date-time":"2022-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus, a double\u2010stranded DNA\u2010enveloped virus that can be transmitted from animal to human or human to human. Consequently, it emerged as the most important orthopoxvirus for public health. Based on available online literature, this study reviewed the majority of the data representing the outbreak, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of monkeypox.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The literature search was conducted between July\u00a05 and September\u00a015, 2022. In addition to reviewing the databases of World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Africa CDC, and United Kingdom Health Security Agency monkey pox advice, 43 papers were studied in depth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human monkeypox was first identified in 1970 in a child in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Until May 6, 2022, it was endemic in West and Central African countries and infrequently occurred outside of Africa. However, many cases have been identified in several nonendemic countries since May\u00a013, 2022, with no prior human or animal travel from endemic areas; that was the first time to document the cases and long\u2010term transmission in countries with no epidemiological ties to endemic African countries. Seven travel\u2010related human monkeypox cases were recorded outside of Africa from September 2018 to November 2021: one in Israel, one in Singapore, and two in the US Youth are most affected. Monkeypox's unanticipated development in places with no known epidemiological linkages raises concerns about the virus's evolution, which permits undetected transmission for a long period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Monkeypox is no longer a rare, self\u2010limiting disease limited to endemic countries. Its ever\u2010changing epidemiology and transmission dynamics have increased the possibility of its evolving into a much deadlier pathogen. Therefore, improved surveillance and detailed case and contact investigation are required to comprehend the ever\u2010changing epidemiology of monkeypox.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T07:33:32Z","timestamp":1672040012000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["A review on monkeypox virus outbreak: New challenge for world"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Jannatul","family":"Ferdous","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Sonapur Noakhali Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Abdul","family":"Barek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Sonapur Noakhali Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Shafiul","family":"Hossen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Sonapur Noakhali Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khokon Kanti","family":"Bhowmik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Sonapur Noakhali Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4924-5319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Safiqul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Sonapur Noakhali Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010141"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.38.6.6775"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30294-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2020.1735361"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007791"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","volume-title":"Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases","author":"Petersen BW","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","volume-title":"Monkeypox Outbreak: Global Trends","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2022.2095309"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","volume-title":"Multi\u2010Country Outbreak of Monkeypox: External Situation Report","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01907-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-072410","article-title":"Clinical features and novel presentations of human monkeypox in a central London centre during the 2022 outbreak: descriptive case series","volume":"378","author":"Patel A","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10081633"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2019.03.001"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","article-title":"Monkeypox: a review of clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"14","author":"Cheema AY","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","volume-title":"Clinical Management and Infection Prevention and Control for Monkeypox: Interim Rapid Response Guidance","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fvl.12.130"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v12111257"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1005769107"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","first-page":"747","article-title":"Monkeypox virus: ecology and public health significance","volume":"66","author":"Khodakevich L","year":"1988","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90748-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/17460913.2.1.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2502.181222"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ajcem.v19i4.9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","volume-title":"Monkeypox Outbreak Toolbox","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.04.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).Monkeypox virus infection in the United States and other non\u2010endemic countries\u20142022. Published online May 20 2022.https:\/\/emergency.cdc.gov\/han\/2022\/han00466.asp"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","unstructured":"Data UC.Multi\u2010National Monkeypox Outbreak Technical Report 2.US Department of Health and Human Services CDC;2022.https:\/\/emergency.cdc.gov\/han\/2022\/han00466.asp"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00411-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2018.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2022.102402"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","first-page":"5983","article-title":"Monkeypox: epidemiology, mode of transmission, clinical features, genetic clades and molecular properties","volume":"26","author":"Kannan S","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2022.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01487-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HoffmannC JessenH WyenC et al.Clinical characteristics of monkeypox virus infections among men with and without HIV: a large outbreak cohort in Germany.HIV Med.doi:10.1007\/s15010-022-01923-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-022-01923-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","volume-title":"Laboratory Testing for the Monkeypox Virus Interim Guidance","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7132e4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v9120380"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-01215-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","volume-title":"Vaccines and Immunization for Monkeypox: Interim Guidance","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.06.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of monkeypox","author":"Rizk JG","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drugs"}],"container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.1007","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hsr2.1007","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.1007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T07:33:06Z","timestamp":1692862386000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hsr2.1007"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,25]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hsr2.1007"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.1007","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-8835","2398-8835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-8835","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-8835","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-10-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e1007"}}