{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:34:39Z","timestamp":1787243679817,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Crimean\u2010Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an infection caused by a tick\u2010borne virus (genus:\n                    <jats:italic>Nairovirus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , family:\n                    <jats:italic>Bunyaviridae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). The most important vector for CCHF is the ixodid tick. Along with tick bite, direct contact with the virus\u2010affected animal is responsible for its spread. Pakistan witnessed its first case of CCHF in 1976 and has been a major victim of CCHF for years, but spikes in cases are seen after Eid\u2010ul\u2010Adha, an Islamic festival involving the sacrifice of cattle. The disease, in particular, is common among butchers, veterinarians, and livestock workers. From the start of this year till June 22, 2022, a total of four cases have been reported across the country. Pakistan faces major challenges in combating CCHF every year due to its specific geographical position and a majority of the population being involved with animal husbandry. There is no approved vaccine for its prevention. All these factors contribute to the burden on the already weakened healthcare system of Pakistan. Strict actions should be taken to contain the spread of the disease. The need of the hour is to engage the general population, raise awareness, and develop policies to ensure disease surveillance. This should be accompanied by fostering collaboration among animal and human health departments for efficient communication and early intervention. The focus should be on medical research to find an efficacious treatment and prophylaxis for the CCHF virus, which will be the cornerstone of future CCHF prevention and control strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T06:00:45Z","timestamp":1673503245000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Crimean\u2010Congo hemorrhagic fever outbreak in Pakistan, 2022: A warning bell amidst unprecedented floods and COVID 19 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3115-5545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shehroze","family":"Tabassum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine King Edward Medical University  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3839-129X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aroma","family":"Naeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine King Edward Medical University  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5664-7362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maleeka Zamurad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine King Edward Medical University  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3439-4717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nimra","family":"Mumtaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine King Edward Medical University  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1241-082X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saima","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine King Edward Medical University  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7480-8975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laya","family":"Ohadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2017.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"Crimean\u2010Congo haemorrhagic fever [Internet].https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/crimean-congo-haemorrhagic-fever"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/jjm.30883"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"Diagnosis | Crimean\u2010Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) [Internet].https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vhf\/crimean-congo\/diagnosis\/index.html"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","article-title":"Crimean\u2010Congo hemorrhagic fever beyond ribavirin","volume":"13","author":"Fabara SP","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus\u00a0[Internet]"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30453-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005322"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70435-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1980.29.941"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","unstructured":"Seasonal; awareness and alert letter (SAAL) for Epidemic\u2010prone infectious diseases in Pakistan. 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