{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T07:06:57Z","timestamp":1786864017436,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Coronavirus disease 2019\u00a0(COVID\u201019) vaccine side effects have an important role in the hesitancy of the general population toward\u00a0vaccine administration. Therefore, this study was conducted to document the COVID\u201019 vaccine side effects in our population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An online survey\u2010based, cross\u2010sectional study was carried out from September 1, 2021, to October 1, 2021, to document the side effects of the COVID\u201019 vaccine among the general public. The questionnaire included participants\u2019 sociodemographic data, type of vaccine, comorbidities, previous COVID\u201019 infection, and assessment of side effects reported by them.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The majority of the participants were &lt;20 years of age (62.2%), females (74.9%), belonged to the educational sector (58.1%), residents of Sindh (65.7%), and were previously unaffected by COVID\u201019 infection (73.3%). Sinovac (38.7%) followed by Sinopharm (30.4%) and Moderna (18.4%) were administered more frequently. Commonly reported side effects were injection site pain (82%), myalgia (55%), headache (46%), fatigue\/malaise (45%), and fever (41%).\u00a0Vaccine side effects were more likely to be reported with the first dose as compared to the second dose. On regression analysis, factors associated with occurrence of side effects included younger age (odds ratio [OR]: 6.000 [2.065\u201317.431], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), female gender (OR: 2.373 [1.146\u20134.914], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.020), marital status (OR: 0.217 [0.085\u20130.556], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), graduate level of education (OR: 0.353 [0.153\u20130.816], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.015), and occupation being either retired, freelancers, or social workers (OR: 0.310 [0.106\u20130.909]), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.033). Previous infection with COVID\u201019 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.458) and comorbidities were found unrelated (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.707) to the occurrence of side effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The overall prevalence of local side effects was quite higher than the systemic ones. Further large\u2010scale studies on vaccine safety are required to strengthen public confidence in the vaccination drive.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T14:09:36Z","timestamp":1674050976000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Frequency of COVID\u201019 vaccine side effects and its associated factors among\u00a0the vaccinated population of Pakistan: A cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Farah","family":"Yasmin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7075-4674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hala","family":"Najeeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2220-1335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hasan Fareed","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6705-2030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Sohaib","family":"Asghar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Dow University Hospital\u2010Ojha Campus Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3579-810X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hashir Ali","family":"Awan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rana Muhammad","family":"Usama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Lahore General Hospital Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoha","family":"Allahuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0335-6681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Junaid","family":"Tahir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center (PKLI &amp; RC) Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaleem","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Liver Transplant and Hepatobiliary Unit Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jelani Institute of Medical Sciences Gambat Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2370-9368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Mahmmoud Fadelallah Eljack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Bakht Alruda  Ad Duwaym Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30120-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"COVID\u201019 Vaccines","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.23937"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","volume-title":"COVAX","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"National Command Operation Center[Internet]. 2022. 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