{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T03:18:33Z","timestamp":1776309513356,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pre\u2010eclampsia is a particular type of pregnancy condition. Although the primary etiology of pre\u2010eclampsia is unclear, it hypothesizes that the alteration of trace elements and macro\u2010minerals may play a crucial function in the pathogenesis of Pre\u2010eclampsia. Therefore, our research sought to ascertain the serum level of trace elements (zinc, iron) and macro\u2010minerals (sodium, calcium, potassium) and their possible association with pre\u2010eclampsia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study was conducted with 74 pre\u2010eclampsia pregnant women (case) and 118 pregnant women having normal blood pressure (controls). Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy determined the serum level of trace components and electrolytes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The researchers discovered notable differences in maternal age, gestational period, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, hemoglobin, and creatinine level. Results of serum analysis revealed that calcium (52.06\u2009\u00b1\u20093.71\u2009mg\/L vs. 65.93\u2009\u00b1\u20092.57\u2009mg\/L, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and potassium (63.44\u2009\u00b1\u20095.33\u2009mg\/L vs. 102.54\u2009\u00b1\u20094.25\u2009mg\/L, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) concentrations were substantially lower in the patient group than in control. Serum zinc (0.34\u2009\u00b1\u20090.02\u2009mg\/L vs. 0.52\u2009\u00b1\u20090.02\u2009mg\/L, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and iron (0.38\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03\u2009mg\/L vs. 0.46\u2009\u00b1\u20090.02\u2009mg\/L, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) concentration were also considerably decreased in pre\u2010eclampsia participants compared with a pregnant normotensive group. Pearson's correlation research results in the patient group revealed a connection between trace elements or macro minerals. In addition, the systolic blood pressure was positively correlated with sodium (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.392, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and negatively correlated with potassium (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.257, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) in the control group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study concludes that calcium, potassium, iron, and zinc levels were lower, whereas sodium levels were higher in Bangladeshi pre\u2010eclampsia patients compared to controls. These findings with Pearson's correlation and the inter\u2010element relationship between the patient and a control subject results can act as critical indication factors for patients with pre\u2010eclampsia in Bangladesh and, as a result, may require a higher intake of calcium, potassium, iron, and zinc for effective therapeutic intervention and reduce the intake of sodium.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T04:54:37Z","timestamp":1675400077000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Analysis of serum calcium, sodium, potassium, zinc, and iron in patients with pre\u2010eclampsia in Bangladesh: A case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4511-8697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. M. Naim","family":"Uddin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy University of Chittagong  Chittagong Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmodul","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Noakhali Science and Technology University  Noakhali Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Md Abdul","family":"Barek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Noakhali Science and Technology University  Noakhali Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Nizam Uddin","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy University of Chittagong  Chittagong Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abhijit","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Noakhali Science and Technology University  Noakhali Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0792-0902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Giash","family":"Uddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy University of Chittagong  Chittagong Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4924-5319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Safiqul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Noakhali Science and Technology University  Noakhali Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"1900","article-title":"Analysis of serum trace elements\u2010copper, manganese and zinc in preeclamptic pregnant women by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry: a prospective case controlled study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","volume":"7","author":"Al\u2010Jameil N","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp 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