{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T19:32:39Z","timestamp":1776454359120,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007872","name":"Grieg Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007872","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Identification of child abuse involves a medical investigation and assessment of problems related to social environment and upbringing and might necessitate out\u2010of\u2010home care. The objective of this study was to analyse infants placed in out\u2010of\u2010home care in Sweden by incidence, medical diagnoses, and perinatal factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a population\u2010based register study of infants born in Sweden 1997 to 2014. Data were retrieved from registers at the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare and Statistics Sweden. Outcome measures were out\u2010of\u2010home care categories: (a) \u201cProblems Related to Social Environment\/Upbringing\u201d, (b) \u201cAbuse diagnoses without SDH (subdural haemorrhage), RH (retinal haemorrhage), rib fracture, or long bone fracture\u201d, and (c) \u201cSDH, RH, rib fracture, or long bone fracture.\u201d As a reference population, we randomly selected infants without medical diagnoses born the same year.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall incidence of out\u2010of\u2010home care was 402 per 100 000. For subcategories (a), (b), and (c), the incidences were 14.8 (n = 273), 3.77 (n = 70), and 9.83 (n = 182) per 100 000, respectively. During the study period, the first remained unchanged; the latter two have been increasing. Compared with other reasons for out\u2010of\u2010home care, children in category (c), \u201cSDH, RH, rib fracture, or long bone fracture\u201d, had increased odds of being boys (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08\u20102.38) and decreased odds of having a mother being single (aOR 0.49; 95% CI, 0.32\u20100.75) and a smoker (aOR 0.60; 95% CI, 0.37\u20100.96). Compared with the reference population, children in this category were more often twin born (7.7% versus 2.8%), preterm (18.5% versus 5.5%), and small\u2010for\u2010gestational age (5.2% versus 2.1%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>SDH, RH, rib fracture, or long bone fracture constitute a minor part of medical diagnoses for infants entered in out\u2010of\u2010home care, but have been increasing, both in numbers and proportion. Overdiagnosis of abuse might be a possible reason but cannot be ascertained by this study design.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T09:16:21Z","timestamp":1563441381000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Medical diagnoses among infants at entry in out\u2010of\u2010home care: A Swedish population\u2010register study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2121-7511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulf","family":"H\u00f6gberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Sennerstam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Knut","family":"Wester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine\u2014K1 University of Bergen  Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Haukeland University Hospital  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6ran","family":"H\u00f6gberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Formerly Department of Women's and Children's Health, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Unit Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8266-1926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingemar","family":"Thiblin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61087-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","volume-title":"Child Abuse\u2014Prevention and Protection. 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