{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T06:18:44Z","timestamp":1782541124970,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study aimed to evaluate the pharmacological properties of methanolic extracts of leaves and barks of <jats:italic>Woodfordia fruticosa<\/jats:italic> (L.) Kurz (family: Lythraceae) focusing on antioxidant, thrombolytic, anti\u2010inflammatory, antibacterial, analgesic, and antidiarrheal effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>1,1\u2010Diphenyl\u20102\u2010picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, clot lysis, disc diffusion, and membrane stabilizing methods were employed to assess in vitro antioxidant, thrombolytic, antibacterial, and anti\u2010inflammatory properties of the leaf and bark methanolic extracts (ME) of <jats:italic>W. fruticosa<\/jats:italic> and different organic solvents, that is, petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM), chloroform (CL), and aqueous (AQ) fractions. In addition, <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> central and peripheral analgesic and antidiarrheal activities of both crude extracts were evaluated at two doses (200 and 400\u2009mg\/kg of body weight [bw]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All the extracts and fractions showed promising antioxidant properties by scavenging DDPH free radicals with IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of 6.11\u201320.79\u2009\u03bcg\/mL. AQ fraction (41.24%) of leaves and ME (44.90%) of bark exerted notable in vitro thrombolytic activity. The CL fraction of leaves and AQ fraction of the bark showed 43.16% and 45.37% inhibition of RBC hemolysis, respectively, compared to the inhibition of RBC hemolysis by aspirin in a hypotonic\u2010induced membrane stabilizing assay. Besides, both extracts were observed to provide significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) central and peripheral analgesic responses at both doses of 200 and 400\u2009mg\/kg bw. Furthermore, both doses of bark extract (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and the 400\u2009mg\/kg bw of leaf extract (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) were observed to possess statistically significant antidiarrheal activity. Additionally, in an <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> acute toxicity investigation, both extracts had a median lethal dose (LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>) greater than 5000\u2009mg\/kg bw, indicating their safety level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study proves the ethnomedicinal uses of <jats:italic>W. fruticosa<\/jats:italic>; however, further studies are required for phytochemical screening to isolate the responsible bioactive compounds and discover the lead molecules from the plant species.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T11:55:23Z","timestamp":1698234923000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Exploring therapeutic potential of <i>Woodfordia fruticosa<\/i> (L.) Kurz leaf and bark focusing on antioxidant, antithrombotic, antimicrobial, anti\u2010inflammatory, analgesic, and antidiarrheal properties"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Md. Mahfuzur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research Division, BCSIR Chattogram Laboratories Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research  Chattogram Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahfuza Afroz","family":"Soma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy University of Asia Pacific  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nahid","family":"Sultana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany Jagannath University  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9706-207X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Jamal","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences State University of Bangladesh  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Abu","family":"Sufian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marketing Strategy Department Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Oliur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Dhaka  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad A.","family":"Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Dhaka  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.117127"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/chem-2022-0244"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-020-00387-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.112932"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114588"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"293","article-title":"Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz.: a review on its botany, chemistry and biological activities","volume":"5","author":"Kumar D","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pharmacog Phytochem"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"427","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Floraflora and Faunafauna of Bangladesh Dicotyledonsdicotyledons (Fabaceae\u2010Lythraceae)","author":"Ahmed ZU","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2006.12.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1097262"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","first-page":"726","article-title":"Chemical examination of the leaves of Woodfordia fruticosa","volume":"61","author":"Dan S","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Indian Chem Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","article-title":"Chemical constituents of the flowers of Woodfordia fruticosa Linn","volume":"56","author":"Chauhan JS","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Indian Chem Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"720","article-title":"Sharma P. 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