{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T13:04:48Z","timestamp":1790946288917,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]],"date-time":"2023-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005317","name":"Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["990220"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["990220"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005317","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Experiencing nausea leads to decreased self\u2010esteem and social isolation in hemodialysis patients and affects all aspects of their quality of life. Nausea and vomiting make hemodialysis unpleasant for patients leading to premature termination of hemodialysis. Therefore, based on this necessity, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of hemodialysis with cool dialysate on nausea in hemodialysis patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this clinical trial, 60 eligible patients receiving hemodialysis were randomly assigned to the control (30 participants) and intervention (30 participants) groups. In the control group, the patients received standard hemodialysis (37\u00b0C) for three sessions. Simultaneously, patients in the intervention group received hemodialysis with a cold solution (of 36\u00b0C) for three sessions. The patients' nausea and shivering rates were measured using the visual analog scale and the shivering standard assessment scale, respectively. Both groups were evaluated before and after 1 week of intervention. The study did not include blinding. The trial has been registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) with the number IRCT20200530047597N1. The present study was financially supported by Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran (no. 990220). Data were analyzed using SPSS\u201025 software.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The independent<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>test showed no statistically significant difference between the two control and experimental groups regarding the nausea rate in the three evaluation times (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Nevertheless, nausea severity decreased significantly after the intervention in the two groups. However, the rate of nausea in the intervention group with cold solution decreased more compared to the control group. Moreover, no patient in the intervention group experienced shivering during hemodialysis with a cool dialysate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>According to the results of this study, it can be stated that the use of cold hemodialysis to control nausea in patients undergoing hemodialysis requires further studies and can be recommended as a nonpharmacological treatment to manage the treatment costs in case of efficiency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1709","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T19:48:35Z","timestamp":1700682515000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The effect of hemodialysis with cool dialysate on nausea in hemodialysis patients: A randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Yasem","family":"Arghide","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azam","family":"Faraji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2427-4538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali Akbar Vaisi","family":"Raygani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nader","family":"Salari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Health Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamidreza","family":"Omrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imam Reza Hospital Research Center Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Mehdi","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","first-page":"888","article-title":"Comparative study of two methods of fluid therapy with Ringer's Lactate and Ringer's solution","volume":"61","author":"Akhlaghi M","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med J Mashhad Univ Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41100-016-0021-7"},{"issue":"67","key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"A model to predict hemodialysis buffer type using data mining techniques","volume":"20","author":"Ashoori M","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Health Adm"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"SalimiSH TayebiA. 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