{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T06:49:37Z","timestamp":1785912577368,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hospitals are one of the most important healthcare centers for providing the patients with different medical needs. Several different factors might cause hospitals to downgrade their services or departments or close down overall. One of the most multifaceted reasons for hospital downgrading or closure is infectious disease outbreaks. In this regard, we aimed to evaluate the effects of hospital closure and downgrading due to the COVID\u201019 pandemic on the mortality rate of the people residing in Fars province, Iran.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We gathered mortality information, including the cause of death, age, sex, place, and time of death of all deceased cases occurring during a period of 3 years, from February 20, 2018 to March 2021 from the forensic medicine and also the Department of Biostatistics in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 71,331 deaths have been reported since 2018 through the first quarter of 2021, with 57.9% of total mortality cases attributed to male gender. The total mortality counts ranged from 4229 to 9809 deaths per quarter, from which the minimum rate was reported in the first quarter of 2018 and the maximum in the fourth quarter of 2020. Based on the causes of death, diseases of the circulatory system were shown to be the all\u2010time most frequent cause of death, accounting for a total of 42.8% of recorded deaths, followed by neoplasms (9.77%) and diseases of the respiratory system (9.45%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although the large number of deaths at the time of the pandemic are immediately due to COVID\u201019 infection, deaths due to a notable number of other causes have had a significant increase which, along with the specific trend of place and causes of death, shows that the downgrading and closure of hospitals have had a significant impact on overall population mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T07:43:45Z","timestamp":1706600625000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The trend of mortality rates following hospitals downgrading and closures due to outbreak of COVID\u201019 in Fars province: A comparative cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Mohammad Javad","family":"Fallahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarvin","family":"Seifbehzad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehran","family":"Fereidooni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Legal Medicine Research Center Legal Medicine Organization Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amirmohammad","family":"Farrokhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee (Emtiaz) Trauma Hospital Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keivan","family":"Ranjbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"},{"name":"Student Research Committee Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5454-495X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reza","family":"Shahriarirad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"},{"name":"Student Research Committee Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011700"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5430\/jha.v4n3p25"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2018-208146"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2017.0976"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30188-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000619"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12128"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","volume-title":"Hospitals and Health Systems Continue to Face Unprecedented Financial Challenges due to COVID\u201019","author":"American Hospital Association","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12962-023-00427-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","unstructured":"CarrollC. Impeding access or promoting efficiency? Effects of rural hospital closure on the cost and quality of care. NBER Working Paper. 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","unstructured":"WishnerJ SolleveldP RudowitzR ParadiseJ AntonisseL.A look at rural hospital closures and implications for access to care: three case studies(Technical report).Kaiser Family Foundation.2016;3."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2005.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.620"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2013.1203"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SongL SaghafianS. Do hospital closures improve the efficiency and quality of other hospitals? 2019.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3318609"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2014.1352"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/CAT.20.0343"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2020.199"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-021-01532-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SabetianG ShahriariradS MoghadamiM et al. High post\u2010infection protection after COVID\u201019 among healthcare workers: a population\u2010level observational study regarding SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 reinfection reactivation and re\u2010positivity and its severity. 2021.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-772662\/v1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2021.03.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JainR DupasP.The effects of India's COVID\u201019 lockdown on critical non\u2010COVID health care and outcomes: evidence from a retrospective cohort analysis of dialysis patients. medRxiv;2021.","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.09.19.20196915"}],"container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.1850","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hsr2.1850","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.1850","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T06:16:44Z","timestamp":1785910604000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hsr2.1850"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hsr2.1850"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.1850","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-8835","2398-8835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-8835","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-8835","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e1850"}}