{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:41:39Z","timestamp":1791848499513,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A double\u2010stranded DNA virus called monkeypox virus (MPV) belonging to the Poxviridae family and Orthopoxvirus genus causes monkeypox (mpox) infection. This virus used to infect only Central, East, and West Africa. However, it has spread to an extent outside Africa recently. The range of MPV outbreaks was so high that on July 23, 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). About a year later, the WHO notified the end of a global public health emergency for mpox on May 11, 2023. Here, we aimed to assess the current pathogenicity and potential risk of MPV causing public health emergencies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched information from published articles available in PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. We used monkeypox, mpox, monkeypox outbreak, and monkeypox virus as keywords during the literature search.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Many new variants of MPV have emerged throughout the world that created PHEIC for mpox. Considering the low lethality and transmission rate, mpox is no longer a global public health threat. In addition, the availability of therapeutic and preventive measures helped the healthcare authorities fight the mpox infection in an efficient manner. In this review, we have portrayed the history and evolution of mpox from past to present and an idea of its future outcomes. Also, we have discussed the symptoms related to mpox and approved antiviral treatment strategies to fight off the infection in this piece. This review also emphasized the preventive guidelines set by the WHO for patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers to control the outbreak of mpox infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We believe this article would give an idea about the potential public health threats of the recent multi\u2010country monkeypox outbreak to the healthcare authorities for taking measures accordingly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.2136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T00:18:15Z","timestamp":1717028295000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Prediction of potential public health risk of the recent multicountry monkeypox outbreak: An update after the end declaration of global public health emergency"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Md. Aminul","family":"Haque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy BRAC University Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelina Samantha","family":"Halder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy BRAC University Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9706-207X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Jamal","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy State University of Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2820-3144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Rabiul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy BRAC University Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27919"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Mpox (monkeypox).\u00a0 Accessed on October 8 2023.https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/monkeypox"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.spid.2004.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hpm.3539"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","unstructured":"Centers For Disease Control and Prevention. Past U.S. cases and outbreaks.\u00a0Accessed on October 8 2023.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/poxvirus\/mpox\/outbreak\/us-outbreaks.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MS9.0000000000001378"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","unstructured":"National Library of Medicine. Mpox (Monkeypox).\u00a0Accessed on October 8 2023.https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK574519\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Weekly epidemiological record (WER) 20 January 2023 Vol.98 No.03 pp.29\u201040[EN\/FR]. Accessed October 8 2023.https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/report\/world\/weekly-epidemiological-record-wer-20-january-2023-vol-98-no-03-pp-29-40-enfr"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000545"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2023.128"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5847\/wjem.j.1920-8642.2023.098"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.104688"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.104424"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2632010X221131660"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","unstructured":"Centers For Disease Control and Prevention.\u00a0Accessed October 8 2023.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/poxvirus\/mpox\/about\/index.html#:~:text=Mpox%20"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2632010X231205672"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","unstructured":"Centers For Disease Control and Prevention. 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Outbreak in DRC.\u00a0Accessed on April 16 2024.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/poxvirus\/mpox\/outbreak\/2023-drc.html#:~:text=The%20Democratic%20Republic%20of%20Congo mpox%20cases%20and%20581%20deaths"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2023.100597"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life13101969"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.876"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-023-05848-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(88)90240-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","unstructured":"Centers For Disease Control and Prevention. Patient's guide to mpox treatment with tecovirimat (TPOXX). 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Expanded access IND protocol: use of vaccinia immune globulin intravenous (VIGIV CNJ\u2010016) for treatment of human orthopoxvirus infection in adults and children.\u00a0Accessed on October 24 2023.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/poxvirus\/mpox\/data\/VIGIV-Protocol.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.10.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14112496"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.252"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v15071533"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","unstructured":"Centers For Disease Prevention and Control. 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