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We conducted this study to identify adherence to the recommended practice in a real\u2010world setting in Japan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used a community\u2010based insurance claims database in a city in the Greater Tokyo Area in Japan. Between July 2012 and January 2019, we enrolled patients with IMIDs in the age range 15 to 74\u2009years who had initiated biologic therapy. Tuberculosis screening was defined as (a) interferon\u2010\u03b3 release assay and\/or a tuberculin skin test (IGRA\/TST) and (b) IGRA\/TST and X\u2010ray and\/or CT scan (X\u2010ray\/CT) within 2 months before starting biologic agents. We analyzed the proportions of patients who underwent tuberculosis screening and their association with the patient\u2010 and treatment\u2010related factors and treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 421 patients presumed to have initiated biologic therapy, 202 (48%) underwent IGRA\/TST and 169 (40%) underwent IGRA\/TST and X\u2010ray\/CT. Patients aged 65 to 74\u2009years were more likely to undergo tuberculosis screening than those aged 45 to 64\u2009years. Compared to infliximab, IGRA\/TST was less frequently performed in patients treated with etanercept, adalimumab, golimumab, abatacept, and tocilizumab. Treatment for LTBI was provided to 67 (16%) patients. Proportions of patients receiving LTBI treatment did not significantly differ according to the screening status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was low adherence to the recommendations for tuberculosis screening and prophylactic treatment before biologic therapy. It is necessary to continue alerting clinical practitioners to the importance of screening for tuberculosis and treatment for LTBI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]],"date-time":"2020-12-11T17:25:48Z","timestamp":1607707548000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Tuberculosis screening and management of latent tuberculosis infection prior to biologic treatment in patients with immune\u2010mediated inflammatory diseases: A longitudinal population\u2010based analysis using claims data"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1067-5231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arisa","family":"Iba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Tomio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayato","family":"Yamana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Research Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5391-682X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takehiro","family":"Sugiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes and Metabolism Information Center Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation National Center for Global Health and Medicine  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba  Ibaraki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Yoshiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Tuberculosis Japan Anti Tuberculosis Association  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuki","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kev421"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq287"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2012.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep423"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2017.1422591"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j2505"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.06.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011110"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","first-page":"497","article-title":"Treatment guidelines for latent tuberculosis infection (in Japanese)","volume":"88","author":"The Japanese Society for Tuberculosis Prevention Committee & Treatment Committee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kekkaku"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204573"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-015-3099-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjy057"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22768"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2017.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201608-647OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health L and WHIB.Annual Report of Tuberculosis Registry Information Surveillance (in Japanese).2018.https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/content\/10900000\/000538633.pdf. 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