{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T00:21:26Z","timestamp":1755217286751,"version":"3.43.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previously observed associations between interpregnancy interval (IPI) and perinatal outcomes using a between\u2010individual method may be confounded by unmeasured maternal factors. This study aims to examine the association between IPI and adverse perinatal outcomes using within\u2010individual comparative analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied 10,647 individuals from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Consecutive Pregnancies Study in Utah with \u22653 liveborn singleton pregnancies. We matched two IPIs per individual and used conditional logistic regression to examine the association between IPI and adverse perinatal outcomes, including preterm birth (PTB, &lt;37 weeks\u2019 gestation), small\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age (SGA, &lt;10th percentile of sex\u2010specific birthweight for gestational age), low birthweight (LBW, &lt;2,500\u2009g), and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. Point and 95% confidence interval (CI) estimates were adjusted for factors that vary across pregnancies within individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>CIs\u00a0did not unequivocally support either an increase or a decrease in the odds of PTB (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.31, 95% CI: 0.87, 1.96), SGA (aOR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.51, 1.28), LBW (aOR: 1.59, 95% CI: 0.90, 2.80), or NICU admission (aOR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.66, 1.40) for an IPI\u00a0&lt;6 months compared to 18\u201323\u2010months IPI (reference), and neither did the CIs for the aOR of IPIs of 6\u201311 and 12\u201318 months compared to the reference. In contrast, an IPI\u00a0\u226524 months was associated with increased odds of LBW (aOR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.66 for 24\u201329 months; aOR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.21, 4.29 for 30\u201335 months; and aOR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.17, 3.72 for \u226536 months).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using a within\u2010individual comparative method, we did not find evidence that a short IPI compared to the recommended IPI of 18\u201323 months was associated with increased odds of PTB, SGA, LBW, and NICU admission. IPI\u2009\u2265\u200924 months was associated with increased odds of delivering an\u00a0LBW infant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.2313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T01:26:30Z","timestamp":1724117190000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Interpregnancy interval and adverse perinatal outcomes: A within\u2010individual comparative method"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8786-6960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Sevoyan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6311-8685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Geraci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina USA"},{"name":"MEMOTEF Department, School of Economics Sapienza University of Rome Roma Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward A.","family":"Frongillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8685-3036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jihong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nansi S.","family":"Boghossian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60136-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60993-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.11112"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-S3-S3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.15.1809"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12503"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199902253400801"},{"volume-title":"Report of a WHO Technical Consultation on Birth Spacing","year":"2005","author":"Martson C","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.32.2.124"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12504"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g4333"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001891"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002358"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14165"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001913"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12512"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32266-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.2.e35"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780111406"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12518"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03004430.2019.1703111"},{"volume-title":"An Introduction to Categorical Data Analysis","year":"2012","author":"Agresti A","key":"e_1_2_11_24_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181d61eeb"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0255000"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.16658"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4465.2012.00308.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des347"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.09.007"}],"container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.2313","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T10:20:37Z","timestamp":1754389237000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hsr2.2313"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hsr2.2313"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.2313","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-8835","2398-8835"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2398-8835"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2398-8835"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2313"}}