{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:53:24Z","timestamp":1753869204230,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]],"date-time":"2021-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000085","name":"Ontario HIV Treatment Network","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008097","name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000226","name":"Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>HIV\u2010positive individuals may acquire HCV via injection drug use (IDU) and condomless anal sex. HIV care provides opportunities for HCV testing and cure with direct\u2010acting antiviral agents (DAAs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed data from the Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study. Among those not HCV\u2010positive or diagnosed previously (n\u00a0=\u00a04586), we used Cox regression to test the rates of ever HCV testing (serological or RNA) in HIV care by DAA era (pre\u2010DAA: 2000\u20102010; after DAA: 2011\u20102015) and compared the proportion diagnosed with HCV. We identified correlates of annual proportions of serological testing using Poisson generalized estimating equations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After DAA vs pre\u2010DAA, the hazard rate ratio (95% CI) of ever HCV testing was 1.70 (1.59, 1.81). The proportion (95% CI) tested annually increased from 9.2% (8.0%, 10.7%) in 2000 to 39.1% (37.1%, 41.1%) in 2015 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). The proportion diagnosed with HCV declined by 74% pre\u2010DAA to 11% after DAAs. Annual testing increased per calendar year (16% steeper slope after DAA vs pre\u2010DAA) and was more common among men who have sex with men; those more educated (post\u2010secondary vs \u2264 high school); and those positive for syphilis or reporting any IDU. Annual testing decreased per decade of age and time since HIV diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Annual HCV testing increased over time with higher testing among those reporting sexual or IDU risk factors, but fell short of clinical guidelines. Targeted interventions to boost testing may be needed to close these gaps and reach WHO 2030 HCV elimination targets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]],"date-time":"2021-09-18T09:10:26Z","timestamp":1631956226000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Hepatitis C virus testing in a clinical <scp>HIV<\/scp> cohort in Ontario, Canada, 2000 to 2015"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9123-482X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasheed","family":"Moqueet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital Unity Health Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramandip","family":"Grewal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital Unity Health Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tony","family":"Mazzulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Mount Sinai Hospital and University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Public Health Ontario  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Toronto General Hospital University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3368-3499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Curtis","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ottawa Hospital\u2010Division of Infectious Diseases  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra L.","family":"Gardner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Rotman Research Institute  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irving E.","family":"Salit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toronto General Hospital University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abigail","family":"Kroch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ontario HIV Treatment Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann N.","family":"Burchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital Unity Health Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"OHTN Cohort Study Team","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"e184","article-title":"Treatment, care and support for people co\u2010infected with HIV and hepatitis C: a scoping review","volume":"3","author":"Wilson MG","year":"2009","journal-title":"Open Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC).Hepatitis C in Canada: 2005\u20102010 Surveillance Report.2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Combating hepatitis B and C to reach elimination by 2030.2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.USPHS\/ IDSA guidelines for the prevention of opportunistic infections in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus: disease\u2010specific recommendations MMWR.1999."},{"volume-title":"Drugs for chronic hepatitis C infection: clinical review","year":"2016","author":"Wells G","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/251989"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14745\/ccdr.v40i19a02"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr230"},{"volume-title":"Stata Statistical Software: Release 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