{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:53:43Z","timestamp":1753869223370,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) is associated with hematological abnormalities of variable severity. The full blood count (FBC) and leukocyte differential count (DIFF) could facilitate the prediction of disease severity and outcome in COVID\u201019. This study aimed to assess the hematological parameters in early severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) infection and their correlation with disease outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective cross\u2010sectional descriptive study was performed. Adults with a FBC and positive SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 polymerase chain reaction results between March 1, and June 31, 2020 were reviewed. Basic hematological parameters (FBC, DIFF) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status were recorded. Outcome measures were admission to a general ward or intensive care unit (ICU), recovery or death.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six hundred and eighty\u2010five cases median age 51 years, were analyzed. Forty\u2010four percent were males and fourteen percent were HIV\u2010positive with no association between death and\/or ICU admission (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.522 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.830, respectively). Leucocytosis was predictive of ICU admission (odds ratio [OR]: 2.4, confidence interval [CI]: 1.77\u20133.8186) and neutrophilia, of both mortality (OR: 1.5, CI: 1.0440\u20132.0899) and ICU admission (OR: 4, CI: 2.5933\u20136.475). Median lymphocyte count was decreased and <jats:sc>D<\/jats:sc>\u2010dimer raised, showing no significant association with outcome. Raised neutrophil\u2010to\u2010lymphocyte\u2010ratio (NLR) was associated with increased odds of mortality (OR: 2.5, CI: 1.3556\u20133.2503) and ICU admission (OR: 4.8, CI: 2.4307\u20139.5430) as was monocyte\u2010to\u2010lymphocyte\u2010ratio (MLR) (OR: 2, CI: 1.3132\u20132.9064) and (OR: 2.3, CI: 1.0608\u20131.9935), respectively. Hospital admission and older age were significantly associated with mortality (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0008 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evidence\u2010based interpretation of routine laboratory parameters, readily available in resource\u2010constrained settings, may identify patients at increased risk of mortality. The FBC, DIFF, NLR, and MLR should form part of the early COVID\u201019 investigation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T04:37:34Z","timestamp":1649911054000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Hematological findings in adult patients with SARS CoV\u20102 infection at Tygerberg Hospital Cape Town South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Ibtisam","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Haematological Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University and National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) Tygerberg Hospital Cape Town Western Cape Province South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helena M.","family":"Cornelissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Haematological Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University and National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) Tygerberg Hospital Cape Town Western Cape Province South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ernest","family":"Musekwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Haematological Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University and National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) Tygerberg Hospital Cape Town Western Cape Province South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annalise","family":"Zemlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital Stellenbosch University and National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) Cape Town Western Cape South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thumeka","family":"Jalavu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital Stellenbosch University and National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) Cape Town Western Cape South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nomusa","family":"Mashigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Haematological Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University and National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) Tygerberg Hospital Cape Town Western Cape Province South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carissa","family":"Chetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Haematological Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University and National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) Tygerberg Hospital Cape Town Western Cape Province South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nokwazi","family":"Nkosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital Stellenbosch University and National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) Cape Town Western Cape South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zivanai C.","family":"Chapanduka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Haematological Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University and National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) Tygerberg Hospital Cape Town Western Cape Province South 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