{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T21:05:01Z","timestamp":1792184701689,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]],"date-time":"2024-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nurses are highly susceptible to developing low back pain (LBP), which is considered a common occupational hazard. The present study investigated the efficacy of flexible learning methods on the nurses' awareness, perspectives, and practice regarding the prevention of LBP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In pre\u2010test posttest quasi\u2010experimental study conducted from June to December 2019, 153 eligible nurses working in three hospitals were participated. Researchers divided the hospitals into three groups with similar numbers of participants (around 55 each) using a random process. One group received an educational intervention using an audio\u2010visual animation, another group got a visual pamphlet, and the last group served as a control with no intervention. All nurses completed a validated questionnaire designed by the researchers to assess their awareness, perspectives, and practices related to preventing lower back pain. The questionnaire was given three times: before the intervention, 1 week after, and 4 weeks after.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study found that participants in the audio\u2010visual and visual pamphlet groups scored significantly higher on awareness, perspective, and practice measures compared to the control group. Interestingly, the visual pamphlet group showed even greater awareness and practice scores compared to the audio\u2010visual group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). However, the audio\u2010visual group achieved a higher perspective score compared to the visual pamphlet group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nurses' perspective, awareness, and practice towards LBP prevention can be improved by blending the visual pamphlet and audio\u2010visual animation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.70127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T05:40:38Z","timestamp":1729057238000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The importance of integrating flexible learning methods (audio\u2010visual animation vs. visual pamphlet) to enhance awareness, perspectives, and practices in preventing lower back pain in nurses. A quasi\u2010experimental study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1297-8271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nahid","family":"Zarifsanaiey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of E\u2010Learning, Virtual School and Center of Excellence for E\u2010Learning in Medical Sciences Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0094-2693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahra","family":"Yazdani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of E\u2010Learning, Virtual School and Center of Excellence for E\u2010Learning in Medical Sciences Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz 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