{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:54:13Z","timestamp":1753869253272,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is a demand for additional data regarding the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) on the pediatric population. This study sought to determine the clinical and epidemiological features of pediatric COVID\u201019 in Iran.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study was performed to assess medical records of children with COVID\u201019 admitted to Abuzar Hospital in Ahvaz (Iran). Their clinical and demographic data were recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, 600 medical records of pediatric COVID\u201019 patients were evaluated. Over 50% of them were boys. Mild, moderate, and severe manifestations of COVID\u201019 were identified in 250, 200, and 150 children, respectively. Patients with severe or moderate COVID\u201019 had substantially higher levels of various inflammatory markers (C\u2010reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010dimer), alanine transaminase (ALT), creatine kinase (CPK), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), neutrophils, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (Cr), bilirubin, and gamma\u2010glutamyl transferase (GGT) compared to children with mild COVID\u201019 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001); they also had lower levels of lymphocytes, hemoglobin (Hb), and vitamin D than patients with mild COVID\u201019 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In addition, children with severe or moderate COVID\u201019 had a notably higher incidence of fever or dry cough and longer hospital stays than those with mild COVID\u201019 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The prevalence of malnutrition and anemia in patients was 50.6% and 31.5%, respectively. A significant proportion of children who were underweight and stunted experienced moderate to severe COVID\u201019. Furthermore, there was a considerably higher prevalence of malnutrition, anemia, and vitamin D insufficiency, or deficiency in children with moderate\u2010to\u2010severe COVID\u201019 compared to patients with mild COVID\u201019 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The outcomes of this study revealed a significantly higher prevalence of malnutrition, anemia, vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency, elevated liver and kidney function test results, and increased inflammatory markers in children with moderate to severe COVID\u201019 compared to those with mild COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.70181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T05:43:57Z","timestamp":1730958237000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical and Epidemiological 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