{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T23:58:48Z","timestamp":1788998328386,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized the potential for a severe international epidemic and introduced the term \u201cDisease X\u201d to classify pathogens that not yet identified. The Nipah virus (NiV) is highly dangerous due to its zoonotic nature, high mortality rate, and ability to cause severe clinical symptoms in humans. In this review, we gather the latest information on the NiV and its potential to become a significant candidate for Disease X.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a thorough review of articles published in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using appropriate MeSH terms and keywords. Studies reported NiV infection were considered for this review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The NiV exhibits different epidemiological patterns in different countries that calls for customized prevention and control strategies. Genetic analysis highlights NiV's ability to mutate that alters possible treatment options. Transmission typically involves bats as the primary reservoir, with humans becoming infected either through intermediate hosts or food. This shows NiV's complex nature, including its ability to reach the central nervous system through the olfactory nerve. Promising treatment options, such as monoclonal antibodies, antivirals, and ongoing vaccine research, provide hope. However, the virus's adaptability, human\u2010to\u2010human transmission, and the lack of specific antiviral therapy raise concerns about its potential to cause a global pandemic. The interconnection between animals, humans, and the environment stresses the need for a One Health approach to tackle emerging infectious disease by NiV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Global collaboration, surveillance, and research investments are imperative for the preparation of future pandemics. The ongoing COVID\u201019 challenges underscoring the critical need for sustained scientific endeavors, global leadership, and recognition of the prominence of NiV as a candidate for the potential Disease X.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.70241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T11:33:51Z","timestamp":1733312031000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Current Pathogenicity and Potential Risk Assessment of Nipah Virus as Potential Cause of \u201cDisease X\u201d: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Samiha","family":"Mehnaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy University of Asia Pacific Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramisa","family":"Anjum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy University of Asia Pacific Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatema Rahman","family":"Mithila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy BRAC University Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1443-7150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Masudur Rahman","family":"Dewan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Life Sciences United International University Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2820-3144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. 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