{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T21:56:03Z","timestamp":1755035763505,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a widespread neurodegenerative condition that has a growing impact on a global scale. This study aims to examine the relationship between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the synaptic biomarker growth\u2010associated protein 43 (GAP\u201043) through the utilization of arterial spin labeling (ASL). The research identified noteworthy correlations between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) GAP\u201043 levels, CBF, and cognitive composite scores, especially among participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who possess the APOE\u2010\u03b54 gene.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study examined 92 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, including 36 cognitively normal (CN) and 56 MCI. The cognitive status of 42 participants was evaluated using ADNI composite scores. Independent t\u2010tests and Mann\u2010Whitney tests were used for the comparison of continuous variables between groups, and multiple linear regression analysis with adjustments for confounding factors was used to assess the relationship between GAP\u201043 and CBF values.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant positive correlations were observed between GAP\u201043 levels and (A) the executive function composite score (ADNI_EF) in CN individuals, as well as (B) the language composite score (ADNI_LAN) in individuals with MCI. CSF biomarkers and ASL regions did not show statistical significance between diagnostic groups after correction for multiple comparisons. No significant differences in baseline characteristics were found between diagnostic groups. However, associations were observed between ROI CBF and Mini Mental State Examination in various subgroups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings indicate a potential function for ASL perfusion in identifying early AD\u2010related alterations and gaining insight into the pathophysiology of AD and mild cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The study revealed associations between CBF, cognitive scores, and APOE\u2010\u03b54 gene status. This study contributes to the comprehension of the correlation between CSF biomarkers, regional brain perfusion, and cognitive function in individuals with AD using ASL as a noninvasive approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.70534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T07:02:47Z","timestamp":1741762967000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Growth\u2010Associated Protein 43 Levels in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Correspond to the Cerebral Blood Flow Alterations in Alzheimer's Dementia Continuum: An Original Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3991-7994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neda","family":"Songhori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam Shamsi","family":"Goushky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Mehdi","family":"Khaleghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marzieh","family":"Mojerloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Islamic Azad University of Khalkhal Ardebil Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Sadeghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Science Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehrdad","family":"Mozafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Science Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra Babaie","family":"Aghdam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Ghajar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Master of Psychology Azad University of Tehran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yalda","family":"Kianifar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Master of Children and Adolescent Clinical Psychology of Tabriz University Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farough","family":"Karimzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Rehabilitation Science of Research Center Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farbod","family":"Khosravi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahsa","family":"Mayeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Science Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/BRAIN\/AWU043"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FNAGI.2021.709156\/BIBTEX"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/ARCHNEUR.1985.04060100083029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X15606460\/ASSET\/IMAGES\/LARGE\/10.1177_0271678X15606460-FIG.5.JPEG"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/CSHPERSPECT.A006213"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FNINS.2019.00738"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FNAGI.2022.847218"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000177884.72657.8B"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FNINS.2022.934471"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/JCBFM.2014.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.MRI.2015.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/JON.12264"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00406-011-0226-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.2904"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S58879"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S13195-016-0196-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JALZ.2018.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ACN3.51402"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000012853"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010803.PUB2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEUROBIOLAGING.2010.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-200490"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/PRCA.201500150"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000051268"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3245935"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/CELLS12010013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ALZ.044098"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEUROBIOLAGING.2021.02.003"}],"container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.70534","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]],"date-time":"2025-03-30T13:12:35Z","timestamp":1743340355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hsr2.70534"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hsr2.70534"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.70534","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-8835","2398-8835"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2398-8835"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2398-8835"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-04-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70534"}}